Changpat ek leitha siam dan (Vermicomposting)

Vermicomposting hi Changpat hmang a thil tawih chi hrang hrang leitha a siam dan tihna a ni. Kan huan leh lo a hnawm hnawk paih mai tur atang khan Leitha awlsam hnawm hnawk te eiin an pai tawih hnuah an e chhuak leh a, he Changpat ek hi leitha niin thlai than chak tir theihna a pai tel a. Tin, thil nung te reuh te te mit a hmuh tham loh lei-ti thatu a pai tel bawk a, thlai ti chhe thei tu rannung laka ven theihna a nei bawk a ni. Chuvangin changpat ek hi Rangkachak Dum (Black Gold) tia vuah a ni hial reng a ni. Changpat hmanga leitha siam chhuah hi asakhat  in amur tha a, leithatna chi hrang hrang siam tha in a ti pung thei a ni. Thlai kui tiah nan a tha bik in thlai kung chawm nan pawh a tha bik hle a ni. Vermicompost hian hriat a hlawh chakin, tunlai organic farm siam ten a an hman tam ber a ni ta a ni.

Vermicomposting atana hmanraw tul te

Thil tawih mai thei ran ek leh an ei bang ning nawi, huan leh lo hnawm hnawk, ramhnuai hnimhnah te hi changpat leitha siam nan a hman lar ber te an niin changpat chaw duh zawng tak an ni. A tlangpuiin ran ek, a bik takin vawk ek tih ro leh thlai kung sah sawm te hi hman dun theih an ni. Thlai kawrn ei chi leh kawrn ei loh chi kung seng zawh hnu a pawlh hian vermicompost thatna a ti pung bik a ni.

Changpat hi chi hrang tam tak an awm a. Chungte chu Eisenia foetida  (Changpat sen) Eudrilus Eugeniae (Zana Vak chhuak chi) Peropnyx excavates  leh a dangte an ni. Heng zingah hian changpat sen chi hi an inthlah pung chak a, chuvangin leitha an siam chak bikin an tha bik a ni (Ni 45-50 chhungin leitha an siam hman). Tin, a chunglam apiang ei thin an nih avangin a chung atangin leitha siamin a hnuaiah an siam thla zel a, chuvangin an tha bik bawk a ni.

A pian phung                                       Eisenia foetida

A taksa sei zawng                                   3 - 10 cm

A taksa rih zawng                                    0.4 - 0.6 g

A puitlin hun chhung                     50 -55 days (ni 50 – 55)

Leitha siam theih zat   changpat 1000 inthla 2 chhungin 2qtl

A tui tam dan                                  Ni 3 chhunginpakhat

A tui atanga a pian hun rei zawng           Ni 20 - 23

 

Vermicompost siam dante

Vermicomposting siam dan hi kan siam chhuah duh zat leh a hman rua hnawmhnawk (compost) kan hmanah a innghat thui hle a ni.

Vermicompost tlem tham deuh  hi chu mahniin bula mahni hman atan a siam mai theih a ni a,  kum khatah leitha 5 – 10 tones a thar chhuah theih. Tam tham deuh tak,  sumdawnna atana hman chuan hnawmhnawk tawih ral thei tam tham tak tak hmang a changpat leitha siam chhuah a ni a, kumkhatah 50 – 100 tonnes lai thar chhuah theihna ang hi a ni.

Vermicompost sawngbawl dan

A tlangpuiin vermicomposting hi chhuat a chhun vum chi leh khur siam a buatsaih a ni. Chhuata chhun vum a vermicomposting siam hi chu lei chhuat ah emaw cement chhuatah 6x2x2 feet a kan compost hman tur chu chap tur a ni a. Hei hi enkawl leh buatsaih a awl sam hle a ni.

Khur hmanga vermicomposting siam dawn erawh chuan khur 5x5x3 feet cement concrete a siam tur a ni. Khur hi compost hmanrua kan duh anga dah khah tur a ni. Khur hmanga vermicomposting siam hi leitha tam tham tak tak siam dawn chuan a tha zawk a ni.

Vermicompost siam dawna thil tih tulte

Vermicompsot siam tur chuan a hnuaia mi ang hian indawt fel takin tih tur a ni.:

·       Vermicompost kan siamna tur hmun chu hmun vawt,  hnawng tha leh dai hlim an ni tur a ni.

·       Hnim hnah ro kan hman turte chu uluk taka sah nawi tur a ni.

·     A hmasa berin Bawng ek leh hnim hnahte chu 3:1 in chawhpawlh a, ni 15 – 20 chhung chu dah tawih deuh hlek tur a ni.

·        Hnim hnah ro sah sawm chu 15 – 20 cm a chhahin a chhuat phah atan chap hmasak tur a ni.

·        Hemi zawh hian Bawngek leh hnim hnah kan chawhpawlh sa kha 6x2x2 feet a phah tur a ni.

·      Bawngek leh hnim hnah ro kan hman turte ch uBawngek hmun 10 leh hnim hnah ro hmun 3 ang a hman tur a ni.

·     Kan leitha siam tur hnim hnah leh bawngek te chu pakhat atan 1.5 – 2 q vel kan duh tlem leh tam dan a zirin kan mamawh ang.

·       Kan leitha siam tur chapah khan bawngek chap a, a chung berah changpat sen chu sangkhat vel dah tur a ni.

·     Changpat dah zawh veleh hian tui leih tur. Kan leitha siamna hmun/ khur chu a hnawn that reng theih nan nitin tui vawihnih pek tur a ni a, polythene emaw buara in khuh phui tur a ni.

·       Boruak a hmuh that nan leh a hnawn rual nan ni 15 – 20 kar danah chawh leh thin tur a ni.

·       Vermicompost chu a tlang puiin ni 45 – 50 velah a hman theih a  ni.

·      Bawngek thar lam chungah kan leitha thar chhuahte chu hrik fai hmain darkar 24 kan dah phawt tura ni a, hei hi lei tha atanga changpat thliar hran theihna tur a ni.

·       Thil tawih lo leh rannung thliar hran nan Vermicompost kan thar chhuah te chu hman hma in kan hri fai tur a ni.

·       Kan leitha thar chhuahte chu kan hman raw hman hmun li a then a hmun thum an ni tlangpui..

 

A ven him dan

·      Leitha siamna tur chhuat chu changpat te lei chhungril lama an luh lohna turin a muk tha tawk tur a ni.

·       Kan compost hman hnim hnah leh hnawm hnawk tawih thei ah te chuan plastic, thir, thlai kahna hlo leh chemicals lam pang a tel tur a ni lo.

·        Changpatte an than len that theih nan boruak a hmu tha tur a ni.

·        Kan leitha siamna chu a hnawng tha tur a ni a.

·     A thar tam theih nan boruak lum zawng chu 18 - 25̊C vel a ni tur a ni. Bawngek thar lam te hian lumna an pe chhuak vek thin.

 

Vermicompost in leithatna a pai tam dan

Parameters                                         Content

pH (A al dan)                                      6.8

OC (%)                                               11.88

OM (%)                                              20.46

C/N                                                     11.64

            Total Nitrogen (%)                             1.02

            Available N (%)                                  0.15

            Available P (%)                                  0.30

Available K (%)                                  0.24

Ca (meq/100g)                                    8.8

Mg (meq/100g)                                   5.59

A thatna te

Vermicompost hian a hnuaia mi ang hian thatna tam tak a nei a a ni.:

 

·       Hnawm hnawk tawih thei, thlai kung leh hnim hnah leh ran ek leh ning nawi te tangkai taka hman a ni.

·        Leilung tithaturin tlak tak a ni.

·       Thlai ti chhe thei tu rannungte nau te a ti tlem thei.

·        Lei a awm thir lam chi in lei a tih chhiatna a ti hniam.

·      A siam chhuahna a hau tak lo vin kan leilung leh boruak tana him. Chemical tel lova buh thlai thar chhuah nan a  tha leh duhthusam a ni.

·        Loneitu ten awlsam takin sum tlemte chauh sengin leitha an siam thei.

Pek zat tur

Vermicompost pek zat tur chu thlai ten a an mamawh danah a innghat a ni.

            Thlai                                       A pekzattur

            Buh leh thlai                            5 -6 t/ha.

            Theikung                                 3 – 5 kg/plant

            Pots                                         100 – 200 g/pot

Hlawkna

Vermicompost hi Bawng vulh tute tan phei chuan hmalakna hlawk tak a ni. Sen so leh a thar chhuah hlawkna te a hnuaia mi ang hian entir a ni:

A hmun          Kum 1 a         Kum 1 a         Sen so leh

lenzawng        sen so              hlawkna         hlawkna

                        ngai zat              (Rs)             inthlauhna

                        (Rs)

 

Hmunzim        52,000             90,000             1:1.73

Laihawl           1.0 lakh           1.85 lakh         1:1.85

Lian                 2.25 lakh         4.5 lakh           1:2.0

Intermittent Fasting – Weight Loss nan

Intermittent fasting chu enge ni?

Intermittent tih hi Mizo tawng chuan – ‘a chang changin’ tihna  a ni mai awm e. Fasting tih chu ‘chaw nghei’ tihna a ni mai awm e. Chutiang a nih chuan Intermittent Fasting chu ‘a chang a chaw nghei a, a chang a chaw ei’ tihna a nih chu. Intermittent Fasting hi tunlai hian a lar chak viau a, Sap ramah chuan mi pangai atanga milar thlengin an uar chho viau a, Mizoram-ah erawh hria kan la awm mumal awm love. Chuvang chuan eng a nih tih I han zirchiang dawn teh ang. Intermittent Fasting chungchanga Mizo tawng ngei a Article ziah hmasak ber a ni ngei ang.

Intermittent Fasting-ah hian chaw nghei hun mumal tak a darkar bithliah a ni a. Chaw nghei hun darkar leh chawei hun darkar te bithliah thlap a ni. Chung chaw ngei hun leh ei hun darkar bithiah te chu –

1.     12 – 12 : A awmzia chu darkar 12 chhung eng mah ei loh tur a ni a, thingpui sen hang emaw, coffee sen hang emaw tui chauh darkar 12 chhung hian in tur a ni. Calorie pai leh chaw lam pang chi ei miah loh tur tihna a ni a. Darkar 12 dang leh erawh chu thil ei theih hunlai niin ‘Eating Window’ tih a ni a, eng pawh a ei theih thung a ni. Hei hi chaw nghei dan awlsam ber a ni ang.

2.    16 – 8 : A chunga kan sawi ang khian darkar 16 chhung thingpui sen hang emaw, coffee sen hang emaw tui chauh pumchhungah a lut tur a ni a, darkar 8 dang erawh eng pawh ei theih a ni.

    3. 20 – 4 : Hei pawh chaw nghei hun chhung darkar 20 niin darkar 4 chauh thil ei theih hun chhung kan nei tihna a ni. Hei bik hi Warrior Dieting an tih a ni a, a harsa ber a ni.

Kan hriatthiam lehzual theihnan entirna ti hian han pe ta ila. Kei a ziaktu ngei hian tunah 20 – 4 khi ka kalpui mek a. Tlai dar 5 velah chaw ka ei tlang pui a, tlai dar 5 atanga chhiar tana darkar 4 chhung chu eng thil pawh ka ei thei a ni. Dar 5 pm atanga 9 pm thlengin thil ka ei a. Zan 9:00 pm atang a tuk tlai dar 5:00 pm thleng erawh thingpui senhang leh Coffee sen hang chauh ka inta thin a ni. Chutiang chuan nilengin engmah ei lovin ka awmta tihna a nih chu. A harsat ve deuh avangin a bul tan tir tan chuan 12 – 12 hi a tawk chauh awm e.

Engvanga Chaw chu darkar bithliah a nghei nge kan nih?

He zawhna hi a pawimawh lai leh Intermittent Fasting thatna hriatfiahna tur tak chu a ni ta. Intermittent Fasting hi Science Journal-ah te zir chianna neih vek tawh leh Medical Doctor te pawhin an pawm thlap tawh a ni bawk. Amah erawh chu hrisel lohna benvawn emaw taksa chak lohna lai nei tan erawh tih ve hma in Doctor rawn hmasak ngei ngei tur a ni. Hrisel tha pangai tan erawh a ngai chuang lovang. Le! Chutiang a Research-in a finfiah thlap dan chu a darkar bi in i han zirchiang teh ang. Heng a hnuai a kan sawi tur te hi kan chaw nghei lai darkar a thil thleng vek te an ni.

1.    1. Taksa a Sugar (thlumna) a pung chho: Chaw kan ei zawh velah taksa-ah Sugar a pung chho a. Kan chaw ei chu kan pumpuiin a lo paitawih a, Carbohydrates (buhfaiah a tam hle, 70% lai a pai) kan ei te chu kan thisen zamah Glucose (Sugar) angin a lut a, hei hian taksa a Sugar (Thil thlum awm) a ti sang ta a ni. Hei vang hian kan taksa chuan Insulin a siam chhuak ta teuh thin a ni. Insulin hi hormone chikhat niin kan taksaah hnathawh pawimawh tak tak pahnih a nei a.

Pakhatna-ah chuan kan thinsen zama Sugar/thlumna awm chu rang takin kan tihrawl leh taksa tan chakna pe chhuak tu-ah a siam a, hei hi chaw kan eizawh rei lo te a thil thleng a ni.

Pahnihna ah chuan kan thil ei chakna/energy a lo insiam kan hman sen loh ho chu taksaah thau angin a chhekkhawl a ni. Chaw tam deuh, Carbohydrates leh thau tamna kan ei zawng zawng kha hnathawk nasa mi emaw, insawi zawi nasa mi kan nih loh chuan kan taksa in hman zawhna kan nei lova, chuvang chuan Insulin hian kan taksa a Glucose tam uchuak tak kha Glycogen ah letin thau a lo pung ta a ni. Hei hi Glycogenosis tih a ni.

Glycogen hi kan thin/Liver leh tihrawlah te chhek khawl a ni a, nakinah taksa in a mamawh hunah a hman theih turin chhekkhawl a ni thin. Chu ai a tam Glycogen ho chu kan taksa hrang hrangah thau angin – dul kiarah te a lo chang ta thin a ni.

2.     2. Taksa a Sugar/thlumna a tlahniam: Chaw kan nghei darkar 3 atangin a intan a ni. Insulin chuan kan taksa hrang hrangah Glucose (Sugar) te chu a sem kual a, chuvang chuan hemi darkar 3 hnuah hi chuan kan taksa a Sugar/Thlumna awm te chu a lo tlahniam tan ta a ni.

     Kan taksa a Insulin a kal kual chhung chu kan ti hrawl leh timur te chuan chakna an hip lut zel a. He Insulin hi kan thisenah a awm chhung leh kan taksa a Glycogen a awm chhung chuan kan chakna dahkhawl thau (dul kiar etc.) kha kan taksain chakna atan leh chaw berah a hmang thei lo a ni. Kan taksa in thau kan kawl te chu kan thisen a Glucose a awm loh hnuah leh Glycogen kan neih loh hnuah energy/chakna atan a hmang thei chauh a ni.

3.     3. Thisena thlumna a tla hniam ta: Chaw kan nghei atanga darker 9 ah a intan tlangpui. Kan chawei te chu kan pumpuiin a lo pai tawih ta a, kan taksa pawhin Insulin a siam chhuak tawh lo. Taksa in rei lo te chawlh a la a, mahse a chawl rei lo. A chhan chu kan taksa bung hrang hrang leh tihrawl te, kan hriatna thazam te chuan chaw an mamawh reng avang a ni. Hetah tak hian Hormone chi dang Glucagon kan taksa in a rawn siam chhuak ta.

Kan thisen a Sugar/thlum awm a zawh velah kan taksa chuan chaw thar lakluhna a mamawh tawh a. Chutah tak chuan Glucagon chuan kan taksa a Insulin in thau a chhekkhawl (Glycogen) ho kha taksaah chaw a tan a siam chhuak ve ta thung a. Glucagon avang chuan kan thisenah a tawk chauhin Sugar/thlum a lo awm thei ta a, kan taksa mamawh chakna pawh thau chhekkhawl atang khan siam a lo ni ta.

4.    4. Chaw nghei atang a darkar 11-ah a in tan a. Kan taksa chuan englai pawhin chakna a mamawh reng a. Chu chakna Insulin in thau anga a lo chhekkhawl pawh chu rei lo teah a lo zo ta. Tunah chuan kan taksa in chakna a mamawh chu kan thau chhekkhawl (dul kiar etc.) atang chuan a siam chhuak tak tak dawn ta. Atlang puiin mihring puitling pakhat hian kan taksa-ah thau ang a chakna kan chhekkhawl hi 80,000 Calories ang vel a ngaih a ni.

    Kan taksa a thau chhekkhawl te chu taksa tan chaw a lo nih theihna turin taksa thau ei khawl (Fat burning Hormones) a lo siam chhuak chho tan ta. Chung te chu Hormones pawimawh tak tak leh tangkai em em 6 lai an ni. Chung te chu

·         Growth Hormone (Human Groth Hormone, HGH)

·         IGF-1 (Insulin-Like Groth Factor)

·         Glucagon

·         Testosterone

·         Adrenaline

·         T3 (Triiodothyronine) 

5.    5.  Ketosis: Chaw nghei atanga darker 12-ah a intan. Kan talsa a thau chhe eiral tu a siam khan kan taksa chu chakna thar a pe a. Chumai bakah thil lawmawm tak pakhat a rawn thleng tel. Chu chu kan taksain thau a eiral mek lai khan Ketone bodies a rawn siam thar a. Ketones chu fatty acid molecule niin kan taksa a thau in eiralin a siam chhuah a ni. Kan taksa bung pawimawh lai – Lung, Thluak leh hmun hran hranah chakna energy petu a ni.

    Ketones chuan kan Nerve timur te a chawk nung thar a, kan hriatna leh finna a ti chak thar a, kan thluakah brain cell thar a siam bawk a ni. He Ketone vang hian chaw kan ngei lai hian kan rilru kan sawr bing in kan thluak a chak tha bik a ni.

6.   6. Autophagy: Chaw kan nghei atanga darkar 14-na ah a intan. Chaw rei tak kan nghei tak avang leh kan thau chhe chhek khawl te kan taksa in a eiral tak zel avangin thil thleng pawimawh tak pakhat a awm thar. Darkar 12 – 14 vel atangin Autophagy chu kan taksaah a rawn nung thar tan ta.

      Autophagy chu Greek tawng ‘autophagos’ atanga lak niin a awm zia chu ‘To consume oneself’ (Mahni leh mahni in ei) tihna a ni. Hei ngei hi Autophagy lai a thil thleng dik tak pawh a ni. Kan timur/cells te chu an mahni an insiam rem tan a.

     Timur upa tawh leh hlui tawh ho chu paihchhuah an ni a, timur thar leh hrisel zawk te’n an rawn thlak ta a ni. Kan taksa chhungril chu amah leh amah inti faiin thil hlui chu thil thar tha zawkin a thlak thleng zel a, kan timur te hnathawh pawh a lo chak sawt ta. Kan timur te nunna a pawt sei a, chu chuan keimahni ngei nunna pawh a lo pawt sei ta thin a ni.

Ti chinah hian duh tawk phawt ang. Part -2 ah Intermittent Fasting taksa tan a thatna te a hranin post kan siam leh dawn nia.

Fall Armyworm enkawl dan leh suat dan

Integrated Pest Management (IPM) Strategy hman:

• Thlai chin kar lakah tha taka lei lehphut tur. FAW pupae (buhchium) lai leia awm kha an ral sava leh nisa em theihin a pho lang. Zero tillage (lei letphut lova thlai chin) a nih chuan Neem cake @ 500 kg/ha hman tur.

• Vaimim emaw thlai chi dang tuh hmain pesticides-a chiah emaw phul (seed treatment) tur a ni a. Seed treatment atan a hman chi te chu - Chlorpyriphos @ 5ml/kg seed emaw Imidachloprid @6ml/kg seed emaw Cyantranilipole + Thiomethoxam @ 4 ml/kg seed emaw Fipronil @ 5 ml/kg seed te an ni.

PESTICIDE HI A HLAUHAWM EM?

            Pesticide chu enge? Pesticide hi Agriculture Chemicals niin, rannung thahna, hnim tur, natna venna, tlumpi thahna, etc. leh thil dang tam takah hman thin a ni a, a pawimawh dan chu thu a sawi mai hian a siak lo a ni ber mai. A thatna leh that lohna tam tak sawi tura awm a. “Heng Pesticide tel lo hian mihring kan awm thei a ngem? Mihring te nunna min suattu a ni zawk em?” tih te hi zawhna pawimawh tak tak chhan harsa si te an ni a. Mizoramah ngei pawh YMA General Conference thurel pawimawh tak zingah a tel a, chuvang chuan zirchian a, “Mizo te’n hetiang Chemical hi kan hmang nasa nge? kan chheh vel a ei leh in kan lakluhna vairam leh Burma ram lamin an hman nasat hi kan lo chhiatpui zawk?” tih te hi zawhna chhan harsa tak a ni phawt mai. A nihna takah chuan Mizoram pawh ei leh bar a mahni kan intodelh a nih ngawt loh chuan Chemical tello thlai hi kan ei thei tak tak dawn lova, kan thenawm Sikkim pawh Fully Organic State-ah inpuang mahse ram dang atanga eitur an la lakluh miau dawn avangin Chemical tel miahlo ei leh in chu van a rah ang tho a lo ni dawn a ni. Tlem a zawng in zirchiang dawn teh ang.

Vaimim eichhe tu Fall Armyworm

Fall armyworm pangang (Spodoptera frugiperda) hi rannung thil eichhe chi Lepidoptera chhungkaw zing a mi niin phengphehlep leh lungphur te nen chhungkaw khat a awm ho an ni a, thlai chi hrang hrang sawmriat (80) chuang an eichhe thin a, thlai chin thenkhat Vaimim, Buh, Faisa leh Fu bakah chawhmeh thlai leh La ah te pawh hmuh thin an ni a, nasa taka eichhia-in thlai thar tur awm lova eichhe thin rannung a ni a. Europe ram a thlai endiknaah Africa atanga thlai lo kal atangin hmuh chhuah a ni a, 2016 kum kha a ni nghe nghe. Africa ramah hian nasa takin Vaimim a eichhia tih hriatzui a ni, ramdang tam takah a darh chak mek hle a ni. 2018 khan he rannung chimawm tak mai hi India khawmualpui leh a chheh vel Bangladesh, China, Burma, Sri Lanka leh Thailand-ah te hmuh chhuah zui a ni.

Mizo chawhhmeh thlai hrang hrang thatna te

Mizo Hming                : Bal

Sap Hming                  : Colocasia / Taro

Scientific Hming         : Colocasia esculenta (L.) Schott

Family                         : Araceae

A thatna:                     Bal hian Vitamin A leh Vitamin C tha hnem tak a pai bakah Protein a pai tel a, hei hian taksa leh ti hrawl a siam chak bik a. Chumai bakah Starch a pai hnem avangin taksa tan chakna tha tak a ni bawk. Pumpui tan pai tawih a awlsam avangin naute chaw leh kum upa lam tan pawh ei mi tak a ni.       

Bal

Loneitute Harsatna Puitu

Loneitute Harsatna Puitu

“Kisan Call Center

1800 180 1551”

Khawvel thiamna sang zelah loneitute harsatna awlsam zawk a sut kian a nih theih nan Ministry of Agriculture and farmers welfare chuan Kisan Call Centre hi 21 January, 2004 khan a hawng a. A thil tum ber chu telephone hmang a loneitute harsatna hrang hrang hrilhfiah a, a tul hun apiang a thurawn lak theihna nih a ni a. India ram pum a loneitu te’n an harsatna mahni tawng ngei a telephone hmang a zawh fiah theih a ni a, chumi atan chuan Agriculture a mithiam te ruai in tawng chi hrang 22 lai a biak rawn theih reng an ni a. Zing dar 6:00 AM atang a zan dar 10:00 PM thlengin engtik hunlai pawhin an biak pawh theih a ni.

Champhai a buh (rice) natna leh eichhetu rannung langsar zual enkawl dan

 Natna:

Blast (Mizo: Buh turh): He natna thlentu hi Pyricularia oryzae a ni a. a hnuai lem hi a awm thin dan a ni a, a natna lai hi a chhung ril a var deuh a, a ukin a hual tlangpui thin a, a hnah mai bakah buh kungah pawh a awm thin a ni.

BEER THATNA TE

             Beer thatna te sawi tur chuan Beer hi eng tia siam nge a nih hriat hmasak phawt a ngai a. Beer siam nan hian thil chi li a ngai a, chung te chu –

• ·         Buh tun (Barley)
• ·         Hops (thlai chikhat)
• ·         Tui (water)
• ·         Dawidim (yeast)

Thlai Hriak Sawr chi te (Oilseed Crops)

1. Groundnut
    Mizo Hming: Badam
    Scientific Name : Arachis hypogaea L.
    Family: Leguminoseae
    Origin : Brazil

            India ram a thlai hriak sawr chi kan neih zawng zawng a pawimawh ber chu Groundnut/Badam hi niin hriak sawr chi thlai kan chin zawng zawng 40% chu Badam hi niin kan thar zawng zawng 60% pawh hi Badam hi a ni. Groundnut hi Peanut tih te, Earthnut, Manilla nut tih te in hriat lar a ni bawk a ni. India ram a thlai hriak sawr chi kan neih zawng zawng zing a pawimawh ber a ni a. Badam hriak hi atlangpui in eitur siam nan a hman ber a ni bawk a ni (vanaspati ghee). Badam ah hian hriak 45% vel sawr theih a awm bakah Protein 26% lai a tam a pai bawk a ni. Badam hi pumpui tan pai tawih a awlsam hle a, pawisa a kan lei theih thlai zingah chuan chakna/energy pai hnem ber pakhat niin 1 Gram hian 5.8 Calories lai a nei a. Chutiang chakna/energy pai hnem dang chu Chini (4.0 calories) leh Wheat (3.5 calories) te hi an ni mai awm e. Badam a Protein awm hi thlai zingah chuan a tha ber pawl a ni phak bawk a, chu mai piah lamah Vitamin B zawng zawng a pai tel a (B12 chauh a pai tel lo). Thiamin, riboflavin, nicotinic acid leh Vitamin E te tha hnem tak a pai tel bawk a. Vitamin A erawh chu a pai tel lo. Taksa mamawh dang Phosphorus, Calcium leh Iron te hmuh tur a pai tel bawk. A tlangpuiin badam hi kan hmui emaw chi nen an ei thin a ni.

               Badam hriak sawrna hnu nawi hi Oilcake an ti a, ran ei atan leh leitha atan a hman mi tak a ni. Chumai bakah Badam hi Leguminous thlai a nih avangin in Atmospheric Nitrogen Fixation siam in lei tan a tha hle bawk a ni.

Badam (Source: Google Image)

Thlai Nursery siam dan

Thlai te hi thil nung dang ang bawkin uluk tak a enkawl an ngai ve thin a; thlai tha zawk leh thar tha zawk kan neih theih nan a tiak hlim te pawh uluk leh zual a enkawl an ngai ve thin. Chung thlai tih tiahna tur leh a tiak enkawl zui zel na tur atan chuan Nursery hi uluk tak a siam a ngai thin. Thlai phun sawn ngai ang chi reng rengah chuan Nursery uluk tak a siam hi tih makmawh a ni a. Nursery hi a hman dan leh mamawh dan a zirin chi hrang hrang a awm thei ang. Tunah erawh chuan thlai kui tiahna tur awlsam ber pakhat kan sawi dawn a ni. 

Nursery hi chi hnih hlawm lian deuhin sawi ta ila, chungte chu:

1. Sunken Bed Nursery: Hei hi a hnuai a lem ang khuan Nursery tur chin kha laih khuar a ni thin a, chu mi laih khuar chhungah chuan thlai an kui tiak thin a. Phunsawn hma chuan Nursery ah tui te pein uluk tak a enkawl thin a ni. Sunken Bed hi tui tlemna hmun ah hman thin a nia, tui luangral mai tur ven nan a khuar a siam thin a ni. Arid region velah an hmang nasa bik hle.

Nursery a lai laih khuar a thlai chin / Sunken Bed (Source: Google image)

BEHLAWI CHIN DAN

Scientific hming: Vigna unguiculata

Family: Leguminosae/Fabaceae

Sap hming: Cowpea

Mizo hming: Behlawi

Behlawi rah sen chi
Photo: Google search image

Behlawi hi Mizote thlai chin uar tak pakhat a rah leh hnah chawhmeh atana hman a ni. Thlai hrisel tak, protein, Calcium leh Iron pai hnem bawk si a ni. Heti taka thlai hrisel a nih avang hian “vegetable meat” an lo ti hial a ni.

Nipui a lo thaw leh hnai tawh si a, Behlawi ching duhten hlawk zawka kan lo chin theih nan a chin dan leh enkawl dan tha kan sawi dawn a ni.