PESTICIDE HI A HLAUHAWM EM?

            Pesticide chu enge? Pesticide hi Agriculture Chemicals niin, rannung thahna, hnim tur, natna venna, tlumpi thahna, etc. leh thil dang tam takah hman thin a ni a, a pawimawh dan chu thu a sawi mai hian a siak lo a ni ber mai. A thatna leh that lohna tam tak sawi tura awm a. “Heng Pesticide tel lo hian mihring kan awm thei a ngem? Mihring te nunna min suattu a ni zawk em?” tih te hi zawhna pawimawh tak tak chhan harsa si te an ni a. Mizoramah ngei pawh YMA General Conference thurel pawimawh tak zingah a tel a, chuvang chuan zirchian a, “Mizo te’n hetiang Chemical hi kan hmang nasa nge? kan chheh vel a ei leh in kan lakluhna vairam leh Burma ram lamin an hman nasat hi kan lo chhiatpui zawk?” tih te hi zawhna chhan harsa tak a ni phawt mai. A nihna takah chuan Mizoram pawh ei leh bar a mahni kan intodelh a nih ngawt loh chuan Chemical tello thlai hi kan ei thei tak tak dawn lova, kan thenawm Sikkim pawh Fully Organic State-ah inpuang mahse ram dang atanga eitur an la lakluh miau dawn avangin Chemical tel miahlo ei leh in chu van a rah ang tho a lo ni dawn a ni. Tlem a zawng in zirchiang dawn teh ang.

1960 hma lamah khan heng Pesticide zinga mi Organochlorine te chu tangkai tak a hman niin Malaria leh Typhoid vang a thihna tam tak a lo chhanhim tawh a, mahse a hnu reilote-ah khap zui a ni ta a, a thlaktu atan Organophosphate leh Carbamates te chu 1970 chho khan hman a ni a, hei hian ei leh bar lamah nasa takin hma min sawn tir bawk a. Duhthusamah chuan heng Pesticide te hi rannung chauh tan a hlauhawm nise tih a nih laiin duhthusam ang vek a thil a thlen theih loh avangin mihring te tan pawh tawrh chang a lo awm a. A tawk chauh hman a ei leh bar a punna kha hriain, tlemte hman pawh a that chuan tam deuh a hman chu a tha leh zual ang tih ngaihdan a lo awm chiah atang hian pawi a intan chho nasa  zual thin a ni.

India ram hi Asia khawmualpuiah chuan China tih lohah Pesticide siam chhuak nasa leh hmang nasa ber ram khan ni mek a. 1998 kum khan Pesticide kan hman zat chu 1,02,240 metric tons a ni tawh a, Kum 1996 – 97 khan kan Pesticide leina man ringawt hi cheng tluklehdingawn 22 (Rs. 22 Billion) a lo tling chho tawh a, 2019 ah phei hi chuan a let nasa takin a pun tawh a rinawm.

Hetiang a nasa hi kan hman dan a lo nih tak avangin Pesticide hman thatna leh that lohna inzirchiang teh ang.

A thatna te:

Pesticide hian atha zawngin ramngaw humhalh lamah te, mipui mimir hriselna tha zawk neih theihna kawngah leh thlai thar hlawk zawk kan neih theihna kawngah nasa takin nghawng a nei a, India sum leh pai dinhmun hi Agriculture a innghat tlat a nih avangin hei hian India ram hausakna (Economic) pawh a nghawng hle tih hriat pawh a pawimawh khawp mai. India in zanlenna a hmun tirh 1949 – 1950 khan India ei leh bar thar zawng zawng chu 50 million tons chauh a ni a, mahse Agriculture lamah India in beihpui a thlak hnu chuan a thlai chhinna ram zauzawng inang rengah a letli in thlai thar a pung chova, 198 million tons chu 1996 – 97 a India thlar thar tam zawng chu a lo nita a ni. Hetiang a nasa a thlai thar a tam chhohna chhin hi thlai chi tha zawk hman vang te, khawl nasa zawk a hman vangte leh Pesticide hman vang te tih hai rual a ni lo. India hian Pesticide hi hmang lo ta thut sela emaw Pesticide tellova thlai chin tur ni ta thut sela chuan tam nasa takin a zui nghal ngei dawn a ni. Tin, Pesticide hman vang a thlai thar a lo pun hian kan fate’n zirna tha zawk te, hriselna tha zawk te an lo neih theih nan sum leh pai tam zawk kan lo la lut a. Hlo thlawh a awlsamin hunawl khawtlang tan leh chhungkaw tan pawh kan lo neih tam phah thei a ni. Thlai thar eichhe tute tih hlum annih avangin thlai thar hmelmawi zawkte chu Bazaarah pawh hralh a kal deuh thin.

Ram rethei a mihring nunna la hnem ber chu Malaria hi a la ni a, malaria ven nan leh ati pungtu thosi thahnan te pawh Pesticide hi hman ber a ni a, Pesticide tel lo chuan Malaria hi thihpui ruih ruih thama natna hlauhawm a la ni reng a ni. Chumai bakah Pesticide hi Football khelmual te, Cricket Khelmual, Golf Course etc. te enkawl nan hman a ni a, kan insak a lo tlo zawk theihnan tlumpi leh rannung eng ilo thah nan te Pesticide hi a la pawimawh em em reng bawk a ni. A pawimawhna hi sawizawh mai sen pawh niin a rinawm loh.

A that lohna:

Pesticide hi hetiang khawp a pawimawh a nih a, ei leh bar thar tam zawk min pek a, silh leh fen leh natna thlentu rannung thahnan a kan hman a nih mek lai hian nasa taka kan hman mek hian a ni lo lamah kua a lo hreuh a, a tha zawng a nghawng hmuh theih kan neih mek lai hian kan chheh vel nungcha leh thing leh mau te tan nghawng tha lo tak a lo nei ve mek tih erawh ngaihtuah tel a pawimawh hle ang. A nihna takah chuan heng Pesticide hi rannung thah nan hmang mahila, rannung chauh lo pawhin kan tuar ve mek a. Environment Forum-in a chhinchhiah dan chuan Pesticide kaihhnawih vangin hian kum tin mi maktaduai khat (1 million) velin an thihpui a ni.

Pesticide in thihna a thlenna nasa ber hmun chu a siam chhuahna hmun a thawk mihring te, a phurh kualna vel leh a senghawi tute bakah loneitute an ni. A tira kan sawi Organochlorine zinga mi DDT ngat phei hi chu pawi a lo khawih nasat tawh em avangin a hlauhawm zia hi sawi tel lo theih loh a ni thin. β-HCH (beta-hexachlorocyclohexane) leh Carbamate siam chhuahna a thawktute pawh an hriatna thazam in a chhiatpui dan hriat chhuah a nih tak avangin kum 30 kal ta khan DDT ang thova hman phal a lo ni tawh lova. Heng chhiatna hrang hrang, lungtha lo, cancer, thawkna tibuai thei etc. hi tam tak hriat ni tawh mahse hetah chuan kan ziak seng kher awm love.

Kan thlai ei atang hian heng Pesticide te hi hlauhawm khawpin kan taksaah a lut em tih zirchiang turin 1996 khan ‘Monitoring of Pesticide Residues in Products of Plant Origin in the European Union’ chuan enchhinna neiin a lo zir chiang tawh a. Pesticide chi hrang hrang hmangin thlai chi hrang hrang – Balhla, Bean, Carrot, Serthlum, Apple, Tomato etc te chu enkawlniin; mihring tan a hlauhawm thei khawp chemical chambang a awm leh awm loh chu zirchianna-ah chuan thlai thenkhatah chauh mihring tan a hlauhawm tham MRL (Maximum Residual Level) a awm niin report a pe a, hei hian a entir chu thlai thenkhatah chuan Pesticide hi a chambang rei bik a, damdawi hmanga enkawl a nih pawhin ei mai lova nghah chhung tih rei a ngai bik a ni.

India ram bikah Pesticide vanga thihna a thlenna hmasa ber chu Kerela niin 1958 khan mi 100 chuangin atta (wheat) pesticide a sawngbawl an ei avangin an thihpui a. He thihna avang hian India pawhin rang takin Special Committee on Harmful Effects of Pesticides chu ICAR  hnuaiah Pesticide vang a thihna a thlen tawh lohna turin zirchiang tur a din nghal a. An zirchianna report pawh ngaihnawm tham khawp in hmuh chhuah thar an nei zel a, heng hunlai hi DDT hman phal hunlai a nih avangin report pawh hi a nasa zual hle a ni. Heng bakah hian sawi mai sen lohin tuiin tur thianghlim a nghawng dan te, lui a chengchi sangha a nghawng dan te, leihnuai a rannung a nghawng dan te, leihnuai tui a nghawng dan te tam tak a awm zel a ni.

Kan sawi chin atang ringawt pawhin a thatna leh that lohna hi buk rit zawk ang tih te, hman leh hman loh chungchangah pawh inhnialna tam tak a awm thei ang. A nihna takah chuan Agriculture lama mithiam te rawn hauh lova Pesticide hman hi Dan khap thil a nih bakah a him lovin a hlauhawm thei hle a. Mithiam te rawn chungin, keimahni leh kan chhen vela nungcha awm ve te ngaihtuah tela Pesticide te hi hman tur a ni tih hi hriat thar a pawimawh hle in ka hria.

Pesticide buh hmun a kap lai (Source: Google Image)