Grape Chin Dan

GRAPE CHIN DAN

C. Lalhriatpuia

Dy. Project Director

ATMA, Champhai District

Hming: Grape

Scientific Name: Vitisvinifera

Family: Vitaceae

Varieties: Grape hi chi hrang hrang 10,000 lai hriat a niin a hming leh nihna nen a zir chian tawh a ni a. Mahse grape chi khat chauh pawh hmun hran hran a hming in ang lo a koh a nih thin avang in harsatna erawh a awm thin. Bangalore Blue hi Hnahlanleh Champhai grape chingtute’n kan chin nasat ber a nih avang in han ziak bik ila –

Bangalore Blue: Bangalore Blue hi Karnataka state ah chuan grape chin nasatber a ni a. He hmunah hi chuan kum khat chhungin tum hnih rah a chhuahhman thin a ni. Vitis vinifera leh Vitis labrusca thlah pawlh ni a sawi a ni. Pandal system (Bower system) leh pal ang a zamtir (Kniffin system) hi a tih dan tlang lawn ber a ni bawk a ni. Bangalore blue hi wine leh thei tui siam nan a hman a niber thin. Grape-ah pawh a thur pawl tak a ni ve hrim hrim bawk a. A rah bawr a lian lem lova. Fur lain a rah a khik duh bakah tawih pawh a tawih duh deuhbik a ni.

Lei Sawngbawl Dan: Grape hian zung khawng tak leh chak tha tak a nei a, lei chi hrang hrang – lei dur, lei ban, lei thukvak lo leh lei thavak lo hmunah pawh a chin theih mai a. Mahse, Grape in a ngeih ber chu lei dur tha, ban lutuk lo leh tui tlin theih loh na hmun, lei tha tak hmun a niber a. Lei ban lutuk, lei thuk lo, tui tlin theihna hmun leh lei al lutuk hmun ah chuan grape chin loh hram erawh a tha hle mai. Thlai dang nen a khai khin erawh chuan Grape hian thlai dang te aiin lei al a ngam zawk niin mi thiamte’n an sawi bawk.

Boruak Mamawh: Grape thar hlawk tur leh grape tui tha tak neih nan a pawimawh ber pakhat chu kan grape china hmun sik leh sa awm dan  hi a ni. Grape hian boruak lum rei tak a than nan a mamawh thin a. Boruak hnawng lutuk ah chuan Grape ei tu natnahrik leh rannungte an tam duh hle a, chuvang chuan boruak ro lam, lumsi a ngeih bik hle. Ni sa thatak hnuai ah leh UV nizung chakna te hian grape rawngmawitak a insiamtir thin. Chutiang ni eng a hmuhthatna ah chuan grape a thlum tuibik a, a thar hmabikin grape rah rawng pawh a mawi bik hle thin a ni. Khua a lum that loh a, grape in nisa a hmuh tlem chuan Grape rah a thur duh bik a, a rawng a mawi lovin a rah hun pawh dan pangai ai in a tlai thin.

            Sik leh sa hian Grape rah chhung a vitamins leh chakna a pai-ah pawh nghawng a nei tam viau niin mithiamte’n an sawi a. Khawlum a vawh deuh raih chuan grape a hmin har a, a rah pawh a thur duh viau a. Mahse grape rah thur hi wine chi khat Dry Table Wine siam nan duhthusam a ni a, hetiang boruak hnuai ah hian grape rah rim tuitak a neih theih a, grape wine tuitak siam nan a hmant heih grape rah pawh a neih theih a ni.

            Khaw lum tak hnuai ah erawh chuan Dry Table Wine tuitak neih theih a ni lova, mahse Dessert Wine thlum tuitak siam nan grape rah te chu an hmang thin thung a ni.

Grape Chin Pun Dan: Cutting hi Grape chin pun dan a hman nasat leh lar ber an ni a. Cutting tih na tur Grape chu thang duang tak, natna laka fihlim an ni tur ani a. Grape tang chu pencil tiat vela lian, tawng 1 vela sei a tan tur a ni. Kan cutting tihna chunglam chu a awn deuha cut tur a ni a, a hnuai lam erawh chu ngil taka tan phei mai tur ani. Cutting tih laiin chem hriam tak hman tur a ni a. Grape chin pun tur cutting chuan mit 3 atanga 4 a nei tur ani. Grape cutting chu rang taka phun nghal tur a ni a. Ni 2 emaw ni 3 lai kan dah dawn chuan grape cutting te chu uluk takin kan tel tha ang a. Lei lai khuarin lei hnawng deuhah, daihhlim hnuaiah kan phum  tha tur a ni.

Grape Chin Dan Tlangpui: Grape huan kan neih na tur chu uluk taka thlan tur a ni a. Kawngpui hnaih leh grape rah phurh chhuah na awlsam leh zawrh chhuah theih mai na bul hnaia grape huan  neih hi duhthusam a ni.

A Phun Dan: Grape kan phun hmain grape khur 90cm a thuk leh zauin laih tur a ni a. Grape khur atanga kan laih chhuah lei pawnlang chanve chu dah hran tur a ni. Grape khur chu kar 2 atanga kar 3 ni sa hnuaiah pho phawt tur a ni. Grape khurah grape kan phun dawnin lei chung hang kan dah hran leh bawngek leitha a in zata chawhpawlhin grape phun laiin a khur hnawh nan kan hmang tur ani a. Chu mai bakah 60gm Urea leh 125gm SOP leitha te pektel a tha hle a. Rannung grape zung ei chhe chi laka in ven nan Chlorpyriphos pawh chawhpawlh tel a tha hle bawk.

            Cutting chuan kum 1 a lo tlinin grape khurah chuan phunsawn tur ani a. Grape khur lai takah kan sawh phun a nga, a zung leh lei in dek tha taka phun tur a ni. Phun zawh velah tui tlem pek nghal tur ani bawk.

            Grape chu hmun tin 2 leh a chanve a zauah kung 3000 vel neih theiha ngaih a ni. Mahse hmun dang tam takah chuan grape kung 80,000 atanga 1,00,000 inkar thleng te pawh an phun thin a. Heting ang chi hi High Density Planting an ti a, thiamna sang tak nena enkawl a nih thin avangin Mizoram angah chuan kan la hmang thei lo ani.

Grape Train Dan: Grape train dan han tih mai hian a zam tir dan tih a kawk ber a. Mizoram ah chuan a zam tir nan tih dan chi hnih kan hmang tlanglawn ber a, chungte chu – Pandal System leh Pal ang a zam tir Kniffin system te hi a ni ber mai.

Pandal System: Pandal system hi Bower System, Arbour System leh Pergola System tih ten koh a ni bawk a, thil thu hmun vek a ni. He tiang ang chi a grape zam na tur siam hi a hau tak in pawisa pawh system dang aiin a ngai hnem ber a, thli na lutuk leh sava lah ah grape a veng him tha hle thung. Grape thar pawh a hlawk ber ni a hriat a ni. Mahse grape enkawl a hautak duh hle a, damdawi kah leh thlasik lai a grape tang tan chhum pawh a harsa bik hle. Uluk tak a grape hnah tam lutuk te paih fai a nih loh chuan grape rah te’n nisa an hmu thei lova, grape a thur duh in grape a hmin hlei thei thin lo a ni.

Kniffin System: Kniffin system hi pal ang a grape zar tir na siam kha a ni a. Grape kung sir lam ve ve ah a zamna tur pali siam a ni thin. Hetiang chi ah hi chuan grape rah te’n ni eng an hmu tha em em a, damdawi kah leh enkawl a nuam in a awlsam hle bawk a. Grape rah erawh a hlawk loh deuh bakah a rei hnu in a zamna hnuai lam a grape zam te’n rah an chhuah tha thei lo thin a sawi a ni.

Grape Tang Hlawi/ Pruning: Grape tang kan hlawina chhan ber chu grape rah tha zawk leh tui zawk neih nan te leh a kung enkawl a nawm zawk nan te a ni thin. Grape tang hlawi hi grape rah tha tak leh tui tak kan neih theih nan a pawimawh ber pakhat a ni. Water Sprouts leh Sucker kan tih ang zawng zawng te hi paih fai vek thin tur a ni a. Grape tang natna leh rannung in a ei chhiat zawng zawng pawh zuah loh a cut vek thin tur a ni. Grape tang hlawi nan a hun tha ber chu Grape than a thut lai, thlasik lai leh a hnah a tlak kawlh lai hi a ni. Grape chawrno hma in a zar thlak ngei ngei a ngai a, a chaw no tawh hnu ah chuan grape kungin a chhiat phah thei thin a ni. Pruning hi North India lam ah chuan January thla ah an ti ber thin a.

            Pruning kan tih chuan a hnah buk lutuk tur, ni eng leh boruak kal tlang thei lo te paih fai thin tur a ni a. A kung pui thang nasa lutuk pawh tan then thin tur a ni. Pruning hi tih nasat lutuk a, a zar emaw a kung kan tan nasat lutuk chuan a kung in a tuar thin hle a, an thih phah hial thin a ni.

Tui Pek: Thlai dang nen a khaikhin chuan grape hian tui a mamawh tlem bik a. Mahse, hlawk tak a grape thar tur chuan tui pek na tha neih hi tih mamawk a ni. Grape in a mamawh tak tui a hmun loh chuan a than a thu a, a chang inkar a tawi bik a, a hnah leh zamna te an uai nasa a, a hnah a khawr bakah a eng mai thin a ni.

            Mulching tih hian grape in tui a mamawh tlem bik a, lei a vawn lum avang leh hnim to tur a ven avang in a tih ngei theih a tha hle mai. Drip Irrigation hman hian tui mamawh nasa tak in a tih tlem bakah grape rah a tam duh hle a ni.

Leitha Pek Dan: Grape kung puitling hian letha a mamawh nasat avangin fertilizer pek thin tur a ni. Grape kung puitling hian kum khat chhungin lei atangin leitha 40 – 60 kg N, 10 – 15 kg P leh 50 – 70 kg K te a hip ral thin ni a chhut a ni. Chuvang in grape in rah tui tak leh tha tak a chhuah theihna tur chuan a hip ral zat ang vel leitha a chawm let a ngai thin a ni. Leitha atan Bawngek lei tha emaw, fertilizer emaw, a kung a kah chi te a hman theih a ni. Kumkhat chhungin grape hmun tin 2 leh a chanve a hnuai a mi ang zat hi leitha pek thin tur a ni. 40 Kg Urea, 40 Kg DAP leh 80 Kg SOP. 40 Kg Urea hi hmun thum a then sawm in, kum khat chhung in vawi thum pek a hman thin tur a ni.

            Grape kung hian zung thuk tak leh pharh tha tak a neih avang in a kungpui atang a 30 – 40 cm vel a zau ah lei tha hi dah mai thin tur a ni. Urea bik hi grape chawr no hma January ah pek thin tur a ni a. Fertilizer reng reng chu grape kung bul ah a vai vai a pek nghal tlurh tur a nil ova, pan tak hrut rual in, grape kung bul hnaih lutuk lovah a kual a dah thin tur a ni.

Hlo Thlawh: Hnim lak a thlai ven hi thil pawimawh tak a ni a, thlai a la naupan lai phei chuan uluk tak a ven thin tur a ni. Hnim te hian leitha, tui leh boruak te an mamawh ve avangin kan thlai in an ei tur te an lo eizawh khalh thin a, thlai tan a pawi thei hle thin. Hnim chi thahna, hnim la tiak hmain lei ah Fur hma ngei a kah thin hian hnim tam tak a veng thei a. Hmin tur chi hrang hrang – Paraquat, Simazine, Atrazine etc. te hi grape huan ah chuan hman ber thin a ni.

Grape Rah Lawh: Grape rah te hi lawh an nih tawh chuan um hmin theih an ni tawh lova. Chuvangin a kung a tha tak a an hmin hma chuan lawh lo tur a ni. Grape rah mawi tak leh hmin tha tak an nih hnu ah chauh lawh thin tur a ni. A rawh bawr chu a kuang ah tan chhum a lawh tur, a rah mal te te a ltak tam loh nan. Chem hrim tak hmang a, a hnun a tan chhum mai a awl sam hle a. Grape chu ni sat lai a lawh tur a nil ova, ni a duai deuh hun, tlai lem emaw zing lam ah te chauh lawh thin tur a ni. Grape rah tawih leh chhia te chu a tha zing ah dah pawlh loh tur, dah pawlh a nih chuan grape rah tha pawh in a chhiat phah thei a, chuvang in chutiang a rah chhia te chu paih nghal zel mai thin tu a ni.

            Grape huan uluk tak a enkawl a nih chuan kum 3 a nih vel atangin a rah a lawh theih tan thin a. North India lamah chuan kum 2 an tlin chuan a lawh theih tawh mai thin a ni. Grape te hian kum 30 – 40 thleng te uluk tak a enkawl a nih chuan rah tha tak an chhuah thei a. Kum 50 thleng te pawh an dam thei thin a ni. Grape kungin kum 4-5 hnu=ah rah a chhuah hnem ber thin. Khawvel ram dang nen a khaikhin in India ram bik ah hian Grape a thar hlawk ber a, kumkhat chhungin grape huan thin 2 leh a chanve hmunah grape thar Kg. 10000 – 30000 thleng a thar theih a ni.  

Grape Wine: Grape wine hi hlawm lian tak chi hnih a then a ni a, chung te chu-

·         Table Wine: Table wine kan tih te hi grape thur chi atang siam a ni a. A wine pawh a thur deuh bik a, a rim a tuiin a tui pawh a tui hle thin a ni.

·         Dessert Wine: Hei erawh hi chu grape rah thlum chi atang a siam a niin, grape wine pawh a thlum tui em em a. A rim pawh a tui hle thin a ni.

Bangalore Blue (Source: Google Image)

 

Mau chungchang

Mizoram hi mau ah hian kan hausa em em a, kan ramngaw zawng zawng 30% hi chu mau hmun vek ni a ngaih theih a ni (Anon., 2009). India ram bikah hian Mau hi chi hrang hrang (different species) 150 vel a awm a, chung zing a 58 te chu Hmarchhak (North East India) a awm te an ni hlawm. Mizoram-ah hian mau chi hrang kan nei ngah lutuk lova, chi hrang 21 (Lalnghinglova and Jha, 1997) atang a 26 (Bists, 2010) vel hi Mizoram tual to ni a ngaih theih a ni. He mi Mau (Bamboo) kan tih zingah pawh hian Mautak (Melocanna baccifera Kurz.) hian Mizoram mau zawng zawng 90% lai hi a tling a ni. Mizoram boruak leh leilung hi mau hian a ngeih em em a, mau pawh chi hrang tam tak awm in, a then thlasik a hnah tla kawlh chi leh hna tla lova hring reng chi pawh an awm nual a. Tropical rainforest in a huam chhung a kan awm vang ni in a ngaih theih.

Mau hi 100 – 2000 m inkar vel a hmun sang ah an tha duh a. Mizoram-ah hian Genera 11 vel awm in Mau chi pawh ram pawn atang a lak luh leh tual to belh khawmin 35 vel kan nei mek a ni. Mau hi chi hnih hlawm liam tak tak ah a then phawk theih a – (1) a hung a awm chi / sympodial leh (2) a mal a awm chi / monopodial. Monopodial ang chi ho (Mautak) hian 90% vel lai an awh laiin Sympodial chi (Rua) hian 10% vel chauh a awh thung.

National Bamboo Mission hmalak-na in Mizoram-ah pawh mau chin beihpui thlak thin a ni a. Mau chi thar 6 lai chu ram dang atangin Mizoram-ah lakluh a en chhin an ni hlawm a, chung te chu – Bambusa balcooa, Bambusa nutans, Bambusa arundinacea, Dendrocalamus asper, Dendrocalamus giganteous leh Phyllostachys bambusa te an ni hlawm. Mizoram chhung a mau hmun in a awh zat chu 6118 Sg. Km lai a tling pha a ni (Anon., 2009). Mizoram a mau chi hrang kan neih pawimawh zual chu a hnuai a mi ang hi a ni –

Sl. No.	Botanical Name	Mizo Name	Status
1	Bambusa tulda	Rawthing	Hmuh tur a tam
2	Dendrocalamus hamiltonii	Phulrua	Hmuh tur a tam
3	Dendrocalamus longispathus	Rawnal	Hmuh tur a tam
4	Melocanna baccifera	Mautak	Hmuh tur a tam hle
5	Schizostachyum fuschianum	Rawngal	Hmun sang-ah hmuh tur a awm
6	Schizostachyum polymorphum	Chal	Hmuh tur a tam
7	Sinarundinaria falcate	Lik	Reiek leh Chalfilh ah an awm.
8	Sinarundinaria longispiculata	Phar	Phawngpui velah hmuh tur a awm.
9	Bambusa vulgaris	Vairua / Vaimau	Hmuh tur a awm
10	Bambusa oliveriana	Talan	Hmuh tur a awm
11	Bambusa nagalandiana	Rawthing tial	A vang hle
12	Chimonobambusa callosa	Phar	Hmuh tur a awm
13	Dendrocalamus sikkimensis	Rawmi	A vang hle, hmun sang-ah hmuh theih.

  

Mau hi a hman na a tam em em a. Pi leh pu atang tawh in Mizo te pawh in tangkai takin kan lo hmang tawh a. Tun thleng hian mau tello a khawsak chu a la harsa fat a ni. Mizoram hi mau-ah hian hausa viau mahila, thiam tak a kan enkawl loh chuan a rem mai ang tih pawh a hlauhawm chho tan tawh a ni. Mau hi khawvel a thlai thangchak ber a nih avang hian rem thei lo ang mai a ngaihna a awm niin a hriat. Tun dinhmun a hnam dangin kan mau an lak dan leh an duh duh dan a an han sat tawp tawp mai hian kan mau din hmun hi a ti der thawng hle a. Duh tawk a mau an lak tawhna hmun ah chuan mau a rem duak duak mai thin hi a pawi hle a, kan than harh vat a ngai a ni. Mau hi awmze nei tak a lak a nih chuan a rem mai mai lova, tangkai tak a hmang chung si in kumkhaw daih mau hmun neih dan a awm chu. Chutiang mau hmun nei tur chuan a hnuai a Felling Rules hi uluk tak a zir chian a kan zawm a ngai a ni.

Bamboo Felling Rules: Mau leh rua te duh dan ang ang leh a rem chan ang ang a sah emaw lak a nih hian reilote chhungin a rem mai theih avangin mau leh rua sah dan mumal leh tha zawk, a rem mai lohna tura sah dan chu Central Research Institute of Dryland Agriculture  (CRIDA), Hyderabad chuan a duang chhuak a, chu chu Bamboo Felling Rules kan tih hi a lo ni ta a ni. Hei hi mithiam te’n uluk taka zir chiang chunga an duan a nih avangin zawm hram hram tum tur a nia. Chutiang a kan ti a nih loh chuan kan Mau/Raw neihsa te hi reilo teah lak tur awm lovin a chereu mai dawn a ni. Bamboo Felling Rules chu i han bih chiang teh ang:  

v  Fur lai/ ruahtui tlak tam lai tak hi mau/rua te inthlahpun hunlai a nih avangin hetiang hunlai, a bikin 1^st July – 30^th September inkarah sah hauh loh tur a ni a, September thla chhung bik hian a kung no tak tak te leh a zung (rhizomes) insiam thar hunlai niin kan ran vulh te pawhin an lo ei/peh tur ven tlat a tha hle.

v  Mau/Raw hungah chuan a kung puitling, kum 1 tling tawh kung riat (8) tal a awm tawh a nih loh chuan hung puitling a ngaih theih a la ni lova, chuvang chuan la sah rih loh tur a ni.

v  Mau/Raw hung puitling tawhah pawh heng a hnuai a mite ang hi sah miah loh tur a ni bawk:

§  Mau/Raw kung kum khat la tling lo te sah rih loh tur.

§  Mau/Rua puitling tawh chu kung riat tal zuah tel tur a ni.

§  A dang zawng chu him taka sah theih tawh a ngaih a ni.

v  Mau/Rua kan sah dawnin a hung chhung a upa ber emaw, tlem a hrisel lo hmel kai deuh, kum khat her chhauh zawh pui tawh loh tura ngaih chin chu sak hmasak ber thin tur a ni a, Mau/Raw kung naupang deuh, kum 1 emaw kum 2 la tling lo, rei tak la awm theih tura ngaih chu zuah emaw, sah mai loh tur a ni. Kan Mau/raw hung chhung chu uluk taka en a, mau/raw kung thar a to/insiam lo a nih phei chuan a kung upa tawh pawh sat mai lovin, za zel a sawmnga (50%) tal zuah tur a ni a, hetiang a tih loh chuan a hung a chereu mai dawn a ni.

v  Mau/Raw kung kan sahna hmanrua reng reng chu a hriam tha tur a nia, fik deuh hmak hmak thei tur a sah hriam a fin thlak. Hmamraw bil tak nen a ther fer fur a sah loh tur a ni. Mau/Raw kung chu lei atanga Ft. 1 emaw Ft.2 vela sangah satin, a chang chung chiahah kan sat ang, kan sahna hnu, a kung kawrawng chhungah tui a tling thei tur a ni lo.

v  Mau/Raw hung chu a kung upa tamna lam atang a sah tan tur a ni a, kung naupang tak tak insiam tamna lai hi a zung (rhizomes) nun thatna lai leh a kung thar insiam chakna lai ber a nih avangin sat lova zuah tur a ni.

v  Mau/Raw par lai a nih chuan a chi insiam zawh hnuah chauh sah thin tur a ni.

v  Mau/Raw kung thi emaw, a kung keh emaw, pianze pangai lo inherh nasa leh kual deuh teng tung te chu zuah hauh lova sah hmiah hmiah mai tur a ni.

v  Mau/Raw hung chu a tawt lutuk ve thei a, chutiang a nih chuan a hung chhunga kung thar chhuah thei lo tur te, hrisel lo leh lian thei lo tur te, a kung pianze dik lo deuh te chu paih thawl zung zung tur a ni a. A hung chhungah chuan Mau/Raw hrisel leh lian tha kan neih theihna turin thlifim, boruak thianghlim leh nieng te engtik lai pawhin a lut tlang thei tur a ni.

v  Mau/Raw sah hnuah kangmei laka a him zawk nan a hmun vel leh a hnahro, kangmei ti chhuak awlsam thei te then fai thin tur a ni.

v  Ahnuai a mite hi khap tlat tur a ni:

•          A zung chawh emaw laihchhuah.
•          A kung no lai chauh ranchaw a lak.
•          A kung no tak tak hnang emaw thil tawnna atan a lak.

v  Thlai zam chi, mau emaw raw kung bawh buai thei tu chu sah fai zung zung thin tur a ni.

Mau tam lam hi a hun la hla viau mahse hriatna ti zau ah tlem te han thai lang ila. Mau tam hi eng vang a thleng nge tih chiah hi hriat fiah a la ni lova, thil hrang hrang vang a thleng thei ni a ngaih a ni. Mau tam leh sazu puang hi thil inzawm tlat ni a ngaih a ni a, hmun tam tak ah chuan tam pawh a thlen phah hial thin a ni. Mizoram Remote Sensing Application Centre (MIRSAC) in an chhinchhiah dan chuan kum 2006 khan 331.43 million lai a tam mau par avangin mau kan chan a, 2007 ah phei chuan mau par a lo tam chhoh zel avang in 3324.63 million lai kan chan a ni. Aizawl leh Mamit District-ah te mau kan chan hnem ber a. Thingtlang lo neih dan avangin tam tak kan chan bawk a ni.

             

Mau hi a hmanna a tam em em a, Mizo te pawhin tangkai takin hmang thin mahila kan hman dan hi chu hralh chhuah atan chuan a la bei tham hle a. Kan thiamna in a la tlin loh tam tak pawh a awm bawk ang. Mizo te’n kan hman dan tlangpui chu mitin in ka hre theuh a, sawi thui lo mai ila. Ram changkang zawkin mau an hman tangkai dan hi hmasawn zel beisei in i han ziak thung teh ang.

1.      Bamboo Furniture: Mau hmang a thut thleng kan siam ang chi ni lo khan ram changkang-ah chuan an siam thin a. A charna (glue) te a char-in uluk takin an laminate leh vek a. A hlawm te te a then hran theih a an siam thin avang in motor-a phurh vel pawh a awl sam hle a. A man pawh a lo tlawm deuh zawk thin.

2.      Mau atang a siam Paper leh Pulp: China leh India hmun tam tak-ah chuan mau hi Paper / Lehkhapuan siam nan an hmang thin . Mau atang a siam lehkha puan te hi an tlo em em a, that loh bikna eng mah a nei lo.Mau a fibre te hi a sei zawk leh a tlo zawk avangin thing dang atang a siam lehkha ai chuan a tha daih zawk a ni.

3.      Mau meihawl: Mau atang siam meihawl hi thing pangai leh lungalh thei aiah hmun tam tak a hman a ni a. Activated Charcoal an tih phei chu thil a hip duh em avangin boruak tih thianghlim nan te pawh in an hmang a, damdawi-ah te pawh an hmang. Mai atang meihawl siam hian a let ruk lai in thil a hip chak avangin a tangkai hle a ni.

4.      Bamboo Gasifier electric eng pe chhuak thei: Mau hmang gasifier hi electric siam nan a tha em em a. A alh a thianghlim bik avangin boruak tha lo a hlauhawm loh zawk a. Petrol leh diesel to tak tak a lei ai chuan a man a tlawm in hmuh mai pawh a awl sam zawk em em a ni.

5.      Mau atang a siam thawmhnaw: Tunhnai a thiamna thar zingah chuan a pawimawh em em a. La par (Cotton) ang deuh hian mai ah hian la zai (Fabrics) a awm ve a. Hetiang la zai hi mau atang hian an la chhuak a, an hlum ve a, thawmhnaw siam nan an hmang nasa hle tawh a ni. Mau la zai-ah hian la par pangai aiin a let thum zet a kua a tam zawk a vangin tui a hip hnem thei bik a, chuvang chuan mau atang a siam ngat thawmhna te chu an tha bik em em mai.

A chung a kan sawi bakah khian a dang pawh hmanna a la tam em em a. Mau tuai hi ei mi tak a nih avangin mi tam takin tui ti tak in kan ei a. Damdawi a hman atan pawh chin thin a ni. Mau chi 200 zet mai hi ei tlak a ni a. Cement concrete a in sa te pawhin mau hi an hmang nasa hle a. A zan avangin laksawn leh put kual zung zung a awlsam em em a, rit lak a dawl em em bawk si avangin a tangkai em em a ni. Mau hman dan hun tlangpui hi a hnuai a mi ang hian i han tanglang zul zul teh ang –

·         Mau ni 30 ai a naupang                       -               Mau tuai atan a ei mi hle

·         Thla 6 – 9 inkar                                   -                hnang tah nan a tha

·         Kum 2 - 3 inkar                                   -         Furniture leh thutthleng ilo atan

·         Kum 3 – 6 inkar                                  -                Insak nan

Awle, a tawp ber atan chuan hei min sawmna hnial zo loin ka thiam phak ang tawk tawk in ka han ziak ve a ni a. A phuisui lo viau pawh a ni thei a, min hriatthiamna ka han ngen nghal e. Mau leh rua te hi Mizoram hausakna thuruk pakhat tur niin kei chuan ka ngai a. China leh ram dang ah te chuan an hlawkpui em em tawh a. A tangkaiin hmanna a tam si a, Mizo te pawhin engtik-ah emaw chuan ka la dinchhuah pui ve ngei beisei ila. Chutih rual in hnamdang in Mizoram mau te dimna leh uina nei hlek lo mai a an han sat tak tak han hmuh hi chuan rilru a na a. An sah tawhna lah chu a rem duak duak a, engmah zuah lovin huam hap tak mai a an lak thin avangin Mizo te kan than harh hma in hnamdang hian min tih chereu sak nual hman dawn tih chu a hriat a, mau zawng zawng a che reu hma ngei a kan harh chhuah erawh a va pawimawh dawn em!

Thulaknate:  

Anonymous (2009), Study of bamboo flowering in Mizoram using Remote Sensing & GIS. Publ. by  Mizoram Remote Sensing Application Centre, Aizawl. 

Lalnunmawia, F. Bamboo resource and its management in Mizoram. pp 1 - 6 

Lalnunmawia, F. and Lalramnghinglova, H. (2010). Ecosystem level changes following gregarious flowering of Melocanna baccifera in Mizoram. Final Tech. Report submitted to Ministry of Env. & Forests, Govt. of India

Sarma, H. et al. A case of gregarious flowering in bamboo, dominated lowland forest of Assam, India: phenology, regeneration, impact on rural economy, and conservation.

Kalaghatgi, R. Bamboo – Conservation, Cultivation and Utilization

Anonymous (2001). Cane and Bamboo News, Quality bulletin of CBTC, Vol.1. No. 4

Ganapathy, P.M., (1997). Sources of non-wood fibre for paper, boards and panels production: Status, trends and prospect in India

Khan, .U. and Hazra, A. Industrialization of the Bamboo Sector: Challenges and opportunities.