Thlai Hriak Sawr chi te (Oilseed Crops)

1. Groundnut
    Mizo Hming: Badam
    Scientific Name : Arachis hypogaea L.
    Family: Leguminoseae
    Origin : Brazil

            India ram a thlai hriak sawr chi kan neih zawng zawng a pawimawh ber chu Groundnut/Badam hi niin hriak sawr chi thlai kan chin zawng zawng 40% chu Badam hi niin kan thar zawng zawng 60% pawh hi Badam hi a ni. Groundnut hi Peanut tih te, Earthnut, Manilla nut tih te in hriat lar a ni bawk a ni. India ram a thlai hriak sawr chi kan neih zawng zawng zing a pawimawh ber a ni a. Badam hriak hi atlangpui in eitur siam nan a hman ber a ni bawk a ni (vanaspati ghee). Badam ah hian hriak 45% vel sawr theih a awm bakah Protein 26% lai a tam a pai bawk a ni. Badam hi pumpui tan pai tawih a awlsam hle a, pawisa a kan lei theih thlai zingah chuan chakna/energy pai hnem ber pakhat niin 1 Gram hian 5.8 Calories lai a nei a. Chutiang chakna/energy pai hnem dang chu Chini (4.0 calories) leh Wheat (3.5 calories) te hi an ni mai awm e. Badam a Protein awm hi thlai zingah chuan a tha ber pawl a ni phak bawk a, chu mai piah lamah Vitamin B zawng zawng a pai tel a (B12 chauh a pai tel lo). Thiamin, riboflavin, nicotinic acid leh Vitamin E te tha hnem tak a pai tel bawk a. Vitamin A erawh chu a pai tel lo. Taksa mamawh dang Phosphorus, Calcium leh Iron te hmuh tur a pai tel bawk. A tlangpuiin badam hi kan hmui emaw chi nen an ei thin a ni.

               Badam hriak sawrna hnu nawi hi Oilcake an ti a, ran ei atan leh leitha atan a hman mi tak a ni. Chumai bakah Badam hi Leguminous thlai a nih avangin in Atmospheric Nitrogen Fixation siam in lei tan a tha hle bawk a ni.

Badam (Source: Google Image)

2. Sesamum

    Mizo Hming: Chhawhchhi
    Scientific Name : Sesamum indicum L.
    Family: Pedaliaceae
    Origin : Africa

              Chhawhchhi hi India ram a hriak sawr chi kan neihah chuan mihringin kan ei nasat ber pal pakhat a ni a, Til tiin an koh bawk thin. India ramah hian hmasang atang a lo chin tawh thin thlai a nin Khawvelah pawh India hi a ching nasa leh thar tam ber pawl a ni mek a. Chhawhchhi hi oil 50% pain Protein 18-20% a tam a pai bawk. India rama Chhawhchhi thar zawng zawng 78% hi chu hriak sawr nan hman a ni a, a bakah chuan Confectionaries leh Hindu sakhua puithuna atan a hman a ni bawk. A hrial sawr zawng zawng hi mihring ei atan a siam deuh vek a ni, chu mi piahah rawng (paints) siam nan te, damdawi siam nan te leh rannung thahna hlo siam nan te hman a ni bawk a ni. "Poor man's substitute for ghee" (Mirethei tan a hriak man tlawm) tih pawh a sawi hial thin a ni.

               Badam ang bawkin Chhawhchhi hriak sawr tawhna hnu hi Oilcakes anti a, ran chaw atan leh thlai chinna atan a tangkai hle. Mihring tan pawh eitheih niin chini nen a siamin mirethei te'n chaw atan an ring nasa hle bawk a ni.

Chhawhchhi (Source: Google Image)

3. Castor

    Mizo Hming: Kastawr

    Scientific Name : Ricinus communis L.
    Family: Euphorbiaceae
    Origin : Africa

            Kastawr hi Industry lama hman nasat ber thlai hriak a ni a. Kastawr hian zung thuk tak neiin lei chhia leh khawro a ngam em avangin ruahtui tlak tam lohna hmun semi -arid region velah chuan thlai pawimawh tak a ni. Brazil tih lohah chuan India ram hi Kastawr ching nasa leh thar chhuak nasa ber ram a ni a, kum tin he thlai hi ram dangah thawn chhuah niin India tan forein exchange-ah thlai pawimawh tak a ni.

            Kastawr hriak hi Industry lianah thil siam chhuah nan an hmang nasa em em a. A hriak hian Recinoleic acid tam tak a pai avangin rawng (paint) siam nan nasa tak a hman a ni a, varnish siam nan te pawh hman a ni. Kastawr hriak hian sebacic acid a pai avangin thialret chikhat resin leh fibre siam nan an hmang bawk thin. Kastawr hi Grease siam nan an hmang nasa hle a, khawl thil (machinery) a khawl chevel tih nal nan Grease hi a tangkai hle a, Kastawr atang Grease siam hi a quality a san avangin Thlawhtheihna-ah hman nasat bik a ni. A hriak hi mei chhit en nan pawh a hman theih a, a alh a engtha in a kal ral har bik hle bawk a ni. Kastawr hi cosmetic lamah te, polishes te, pen tui leh printer ink siam nan te, sam siamna bawlhla atan te leh sahbun siam nan te an hmang nasa viau bawk a ni. Amaherawh chu Kastawr hriakah hian "Ricin" a awm avangin mihring ei atan leh ran ei atan chuan hman tlak a ni lo thung a ni.

Kastawr (Source: Google Image)

4. Rape Seed and Mustard

    Mizo Hming: Antam tel

    Scientific Name : Brassica spp.
    Family: Cruciferae
    Origin : India

             Rape Seed and Mustard hi thlai pahnih sawina a ni nain Antam tel tiin sawi mai ila a fiah zawk awm e. Heng thlai hriak hi India rama thlasik thlai hriak nei kan neih zing a pawimawh ber a ni. Badam tih lohah chuan thlai hriak kan hman nasat ber a ni bawk. Khawvel zawng zawngah India hi Antam tel nei ngah ber leh thar tam ber kan ni a. Antam tel hian hriak (oil) 37-49% vel a tam a pai a, Pickles siam nan te leh chawhmeh kan hmui nan ten hman ber thin a ni. Hair oil siam nan te, Damdawi te, sahbun te leh Grease siam nan te pawh hman thin a ni a, savun tih nem nan pawh atangkai hle bawk. Antam tel sawrna hnu Oilcake hi ran chaw atan leh thlai tih that nan an hmang nasa hle bawk a. A hriak sawr mai bakah Antam hrim hrim hi chawhmeh tui tak a ni tel a ni.

Antam tel (Source: Google Image)

5. Linseed

    Mizo Hming: Linseed

    Scientific Name : Linum usitatissimum L.
    Family: Linaceae
    Origin : India

              Linseed hi thlai hriak sawr chi a nih bakah La (fibre) chi khat a ni tel bawk a. A chi hi a hriak sawr nan an hmang thin a, La atan erawh a kung hi hmangin Linen puan lar tak hi he thlai atang a siam hi a ni. Linseed hian hriak 33-47% vel lai atam a pai a. Chawhmeh atan a hman a nih mai bakah a hriak hi a ro hma em avangin rawng (paints) siam nan te, varnish te, pen tui te leh sahbun siam nan te an hmang thin a. Tuipuan (Water proof) siam nan pawh an hmang tangkai hle bawk a ni.

              Linseed oilcake hi thlai dang ang bawkin ran chaw leh thlai tih that nan hman a ni thin a, chu mai bakah Linseed fibre hmang hian hruihrual  te, ke tah chhan siam nan te leh lehkhapuan siam nan te hman thin a ni bawk.

Linseed (Source: Google Image)

6. Safflower

    Mizo Hming: Safflower

    Scientific Name : Carthamus tinctorius L.
    Family: Compositae
    Origin : India

             Safflower hi a chi atangin a hriak an sawr ber thin a, a par pawh hi dye (rawng) siam nan an hmang thin bawk a. A chi ah hian hriak 24-36% vel a awm a ni. A hriak hi rangkachak rawng ang a tle siar niin mihring ei atan a hman ber thin a ni. Nihawichi (sunflower) ang maiin a hriak hi a hrisel em em a, a hriakah hian 78% lai a tam linoleic a awm a, hei hian lung natna tam tak tan damdawi a ni a, thau chhia a pai tlem bik hle bawk a ni.

            Safflower hi a hriak a ro hma em avangin rawng siam nan te, varnish siam nan te an hmang a. A hriak chhuan sat hi tui daiah thlak ila darthlalang keh vel char nan a tha hle bawk a ni. Grease siam nan pawh a hriak hi hman thin a ni a, savun dahthat rei theih nan a hriak hi chulh in a tha hle bawk a ni. A hriak sawr tawhna hnu oilcake hi thlai dang ang bawkin ran tan leh thlai tan chaw tha tak a ni bawk a ni.

Safflower (Source: Google Image)

7. Sunflower

    Mizo Hming: Nihawichi

    Scientific Name : Helianthus annuus L.
    Family: Compositae
    Origin : Mexico

           Nihawichi hi India ramah chuan hun mawi atan te chin thin ber a ni a, hmasang atang tawhin hmel hriat mahila a hriak sawr chi ang zawngin kan ching ngai meuh lo a ni. Tun hnaiah hian ram dang te tih dan entawnin a hriak sawr atan chin nasat ve tan chauh a ni a. Hriak 45-50% vel lai atam a pai a, a hriak hi a quality a tha in protein quality sang tak pawh a pai tel bawk a ni. Nihawichi hi thlai chin mi tak a ni a, a thar hun chhung a rei lova, boruak leh leilung tha vak lo pawh a ngam hle a, Photo insensitive a ni bawk a ni. Eng hunlai pawhin a chin theih a, catch crop atan a tha em em bawk a ni.

           Nihawichi hriak hi rawng eng dal deuh niin a rim a tui hle a, hei vang hian chawhmeh han kan hmui rum rum nan pawh a iaiawm loh hle a ni. A hriak hi sawr a awlsam bik em em a, hriak sawr sa han tih fai vel te a awlsam bik avangin thiltlang lamah chuan an ei nasa bik hle. Nihawichi hriak hian linoleic acid 64% lai atam apai avangin mihring tan chaw hrisel tak a ni a, lung natna nei tan chuan duhthusam hliah hlaih a ni. Thisen zam a thau chhia inchhek khawm tur a veng a, thisen kal vel a tih awlsam avangin tunlai natna lar stroke ven nan thil tha em em mai a ni. A hriak hi sahbun leh cosmetics lamah pawh an chelek nasa em em a, a oilcake ah pawh 40-44% protein tha mi a pai avangin ran tan chaw tha leh duhthusam a ni tel a ni. Naute (baby) chaw siam nan te an hmang a, chu mai bakah a chi hi chip atan kan hmang nasa hle bawk. 

Nihawichi (Source: Google Image)