Loneitu Thian: Mizoram Thlai Pawimawh Leh Langsar Zual Deuh Te

Khawvel hmasawnna leh changkannain a kentel a ni chek anga, kan thalai tam tak zingah pawh kan thlai chin thinte a Mizo hming pawh hre lo kan tam ta hle mai. Kan thlai chin thin te hriat hran a awlsam nan a thlalak nen tarlan a ni a, chhiartuten in hlawkpui ngei kan beisei.

1. BUH
Common name: Paddy, Rice
Scientific name: Oryza sativa L.
Family: Poaceae
Mizote thinlungah Buh leh Chaw tih hian inkungkaihna tha tak a nei awm e; a chhan chu Buh tello chuan Chaw ei-ah pawh kan inngai lo a, puar lo riaua inhriatna kan neih thin avangin. Buh a telloh avang hian kan puarlo a ni lo a, puar lo a kan inhriatna vang mai mai chauh a ni e, hei hi psychological function of food tiin an sawi thin.

Mizote hian kan pipute atangin Buh hi tun thleng hian kan la ching chhunzawm zel a, tlangrama chin chi a ni ber. Kan pipute khan Buh hi a tharrang chi Trai leh a thar tlai deuh chi Buhpui tiin an sawi mai thin. Buh hi hmanlai kan pipute hun atang thovin Zu siam nan kan hmang a, amaherawhchu tunlai angin Zu hi sual-ah an ngai lo va, Kut ni vang thlaah te an zu (drink) a, an hlim thei em em a, buaina siam nan an hmang ngai lo.
Buh chi khat Golden Rice (Buh Rangkachak?) an tih mai [a eng/sen-eng (yellow/golden yellow color)], beta-carotene (pro-vitamin A) pai hnem tak mai chu tunlai thiamna genetic engineering hmangin Potrykus-a leh a hote chuan an siamchhuak a. Hei hi retheihna avanga vitamin A taksa mamawh tawk ei phak loh (chaw tha ei pha lo) avanga mitdelna (blindness) sukiang tura siam a ni a, a bikin ram hnufual mitdelna thlen tamna ram te tan bika duan a ni ber awm e. Dan phung ni lo (unnatural) a siam a ni a, mihringte tan a hlauhawm thei ang tihna avangin tun thleng hian loneitute chin theih turin tlangzarh a la ni lo a ni. Beta-carotene hi kan ei hnu-ah kan taksaah vitamin A ah a lo insiam a, chu chuan vitamin A mamawhna a phuhru dawn a ni. Carotene lam hrim hrim hi thlai rawng eng (yellow color) lam hian a pai hnem a, ei tam a tha hle (Carrot pawh hian Carotene a pai thahnem hle).

BUH
Photo courtesy: Zaua Duhlian

Buh pangngai leh Buh rangkachak
Source: Google image search

2.VAIMIM

Common name: Maize, Corn
Scientific name: Zea mays L.
Family: Poaceae
Vaimim hi Buh tih lohvah chuan Mizote thlai chin tam ber a ni awm e. Vaimim hi chi hrang hrang a awm a, chungte chu: Char-ei, Mimban, Puakzo (Zea mays var. everta) , Khalkha (Project Vaimim) leh Mimban lote a ni. Hmanlai chuan Vaimim hi Chaw atan pawh an hmang thin a ni. Vaimim chu a seng hunah an seng a, tuisaah hmin si lo turin an chhuang hul a, an phoro leh a, Vaimim awm loh huna ei atan an dah thin. Khalkha hi India ram state dangah te an ching ber a, hei hi ranchaw atana hman ber a ni.
India hmarchhak states (North-east) ah hian hmanlai atang tawhin Vaimim hi chin a nih rin a ni a, chi hrang hrang a tam bawk a, chuvang chuan India rama Vaimim lo chin hmasakna (centre of origin/domestication) kan ti thei awm e. Vaimim hi inthlahpawlh chi (cross-pollinated) thlai a ni a, chi hrang hrang kan chin pawlh chuan a lo trial beibuai thin a ni. Tin, transposons/jumping genes (DNA a awmhmun sawn thin) avangin a trial ve thei bawk a, a trial pherh deuh bawk thin.

3. FAISA
Common name: Sorghum
Scientific name: Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench
Family: Poaceae
Faisa hi Futhing kan tih nen hian a inang hle a, mahse Futhing angin a feh theih loh thung a ni. Ram lum ruahtui tlak tlemna (semi-arid tropics) hmunah an ching ber thin a. Thlai dangte ang lo takin thral/tui tlem (drought) a do thei hle a, lei chhe tak hmunah pawh ei khawp a thar mai theih a, chuvang chuan 'Camel crop' ti te pawhin an sawi hial thin a ni. Faisa hi kanpuah leh chhang siam nan te pawh an hmang a, a kung hi ranchaw atan an hmang bawk a, thlai tangkai tak a ni.

FAISA
Source: Google image search

4.BUHTUN

Common name: Millets (Pearl millet, Finger millet, Foxtail millet, etc.)

Scientific name: Pennisetum glaucum (Pearl millet); Eleusine coracana (Finger millet);
Setaria italica (Foxtail millet)
Family: Poaceae
Buhtun han tih hian Saptawng a Millets an tih zawng zawng hi a huam mai awm e. Mihringte thlai chin zinga upa pawl tak a ni a, mihring leh ranchaw atana chin a ni. Buhtun hi a thangduang a, ram lum leh ruahtui tlak tlemna hmunah pawh a that duh avangin heng ramah te hian an ching nasa zual bik thin. Tunhma kha chuan Buhtun chi thenkhat hi Mizoram ah pawh an ching ve thin a, tunah erawh hmuh tur a vang ta hle. Buhtun hi Beer (zu?) siam nan an hmang bawk thin.
Buhtun te hian mihringte taksa tana chawtha heng- vitamin B, calcium, iron, potassium, magnesium leh zinc te hi a pai hnem hle a. Amaherawhchu, fiber leh paitawih theihloh chawtha a awm ve bawk avangin thenkhatin an ei duh loh phah bawk. Huit angin gluten a pai tel ve lo a, chuvang chuan chhangphut siam nan a hmantlak loh.

Pearl millet
Photo credit: Zaua Duhlian

Finger millet
Source: Google image search

Foxtail millet
Photo courtesy: wikipedia.org

5.HUIT

Common name: Common wheat, Bread wheat
Scientific name: Triticum aestivum L.
Family: Poaceae
Mihringte thlai (cereal) chin hmasak ber te zinga mi a ni a, Middle East vel khu an chin tanna hmun nia rin a ni. Mizote pawhin Wheat tiin kan lam ve mai bawk thin. Huit hi chi tam tak a awm a, tuna mi hi ram thenkhata an chaw pui bera an rin Bread wheat kan tih hi a ni. Huit ah hian gluten a awm a, chuvang chuan chhangput siam nan a tha bik a ni. Macaroni kan tihte pawh hi Wheat chi khat atanga siam tho a ni. Huit ang deuh mai pakhat Barli [Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)] a awm bawk. Huit leh Barli te hi chhangphut siam nana hman ber a ni.

Common wheat
Photo courtesy: icar.org.in

6.AIENG
Common name: Turmeric
Scientific name: Curcuma longa L.
Family: Zingiberaceae
Aieng hi Mizote bakah hnam dang te pawhin chawhmeh rawng timawitu leh ei tichakawmtu atan an hmang nasa em em a, 'Spice & Condiments' huang chhungah telh a ni. Mizoram leh India ram hmarchhak lamah a thang duangin a thar hlawk thei hle thin. Chawhmeh a pawlh mai bakah damdawi-ah te, thawmhnaw rawng siam nan te pawh hman thin a ni.

7. ALU
Common name: Potato
Scientific name: Solanum tuberosum L.
Family: Solanaceae
Thlai zinga chin tam ber pakhat a ni a, chawhmeh bakah chips leh thil dang tam tak siam nana hman thin a ni. Chawtha kan tih mai 'Starch' a pai hnem em avangin chakna a pai hnem em em a, thisen sang leh zunthlum nei tan chuan ei tam vak a tha lo niin an sawi hial thin a ni. Alu hring deuh ngulh kan ei chuan a hiar kha deuh ang; hei hi tur chi khat Solanine a pai vang a ni a, ei atan a hrisel lo a, ei loh a tha.

8.ANTHUR

Common name: Roselle (Anthur sen kan tih ber hi); Kenaf (Anthur var kan tih zawk a hi)

Family: Malvaceae
Scientific name: Roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.), Kenaf (Hibiscus cannabinus L.)
Anthur hi chi hnih a awm a, a sen chi leh a var (a sen pawh a awm tho) a ni a, a hnuhnung zawk hi hruikhau atan an ching ber thin. Mizote erawh chuan chawhmeh atan bak kan hmang lo. Anthur sen chi a rah hi jelly/jam siam nan te pawh an hmang ve thin. A hnah hring leh repro mai bakah a mu (seeds) hi dengsawmin an um a, hmarcha-rawt atan a tangkai hle.

Roselle
Photo credit: wikipedia

Kenaf

9.BAHKHAWR/BAKHAWR
Common name: Eryngo, Mexican coriander, Long coriander
Scientific name: Eryngium foetidum L.
Family: Apiaceae
Thlai rimtui tak mai a ni a. Amah mal chauh a ei lovin salad leh hmarcha rawtah te emaw, bai leh chawhmeh-ah te telh-in, chawhmeh tirimtuitu leh ei tichakawmtu ber a hman a ni thin. Uisa leh Bawngsa bawlah te telh hmaih chi a ni lo. Thlai chin awlsam tak mai a ni a, enkawl vak lohna hmunah pawh chhungkuaa eitham tiak chu a lo awm leh mai thin. Uluk taka enkawla chin phei chuan eizawnna tham a tling chho mek a ni.

BAHKHAWR

10.BAL
Common name: Colocasia, Taro
Scientific name: Colocasia ensculenta (L.) Shott.
Family: Araceae
Bal hmin lo emaw dawl hmin lo i ei hian i hrawk a za ve neuh neuh ngai em? A chhan chu Oxalic Acid vang a nih kha. Dawl te hi an hnah-ah hian tui han leih mah ila a luang zo zung zung thin a, a huh thei lo thin. Naupan laiin mak kan ti thei hle. Hei hi a chhan chu Waxy layer kan tih mai cuticle chhah tak a insiam vang a ni a, transpiration dangtu tura khuanu duansa a ni. Dawl hi Mizoram-ah chuan Dawlrep te, Bal ang zawng te leh vawk chaw ang te in a engkim mai hi kan hmang tangkai vek a.Terrestial (lei a to chi) ang emaw Aquatic (Tui a to chi) ang emaw te pawhin a awm ve thliah bawk a ni.

Bal
Photo courtesy: Wikipedia

11.BAWKBAWN
Common name: Brinjal, Eggplant
Scientific name: Solanum melongena L.
Family: Solanaceae
Horticulture lam atanga en chuan Theirah (Fruits) anga ngaih a ni a, mahse a eitu (consumer point of view) atang erawh chuan chawhmeh (Vegetable) anga ngaih a ni thung. Thai hlawk tak mai a ni a, a hrisel a, a tui a, Mizote tui tih zawng tak chawhmeh a ni bawk. Bawkbawn rawng tipawltu hi 'Anthocyanins' an ti a, chu chuan cancer natna lak atang pawhin min veng thei a ni tih mithiam te'n an sawi bawk.
Bawkbawn eichhetu rannung zinga langsar ber chu Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer ('Bawkbawn nget' kan tih hi) hi a ni a. He rannung laka venhim nan hian Mahyco company chuan Bt-Brinjal a siam chhuak a. Kum 2009 khan India rama chin theih turin phalna pek a ni a, mahse mipuite dodalna avangin Bt-Brinjal chu chin phal a ni ta lo a ni. Bangladesh ah erawh kum 2013 khan chin phalna hmuh niin Bt-Brinjal chu chin tan a ni. Bt hi tur chi khat bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis atanga lak a ni a. Bt toxin proteins chi tam tak a awm a, Bt-Brinjal a an hman erawh hi chu Cry1Ac a ni. National Research Centre on Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi hmalakna in Bt-Brinjal tho Cry1Fa1 hmangin Brinjal variety Pusa Purple Long ah siam a ni a. Bt-Pusa Purple Long chu 5% vel chauhva a ngetin a eichhiat laiin Pusa Purple Long chu 35% velin a eichhe thung a. Bt-Brinjal hi India ramah chin phal lo nita reng pawh nise Mizote duh chi Bawkbawn variety a nih hlawm loh avangin Mizote tan chuan a tangkai vakin a rinawm loh.

BAWKBAWN
Source:wikipedia.org

12.BAWRHSAIABE
Common name: Lady's fingers, Okra
Scientific name: Abelmoschus esculentus (L.) Moench.
Family: Malvaceae
Thenkhat chuan Hmehnal an ti bawk, a awm ang hle. Chawhmeh tui tak a ni a. A hmin in an ei ngai lova, a hel deuh a lawh chi a ni. A sen laiin a hel ei theih a, a chan tawh lutuk chuan fibre/hrui a ngah avangin ei a har em em thin.

Fu (Sugarcane) atanga Chini (Sugar) siamna hmunpuiah chuan Fu tuiah Bawrhsaiabe tuihnang hi an han pawlh zeuh hian fu tui bal ho kha a tikiang deuh duak duak a, chu chu 'clearing of juice' an ti mai a, an hmang tangkai hle a ni.

Bawrhsaiabe
Source:Wikipedia

13.BEAN
Common name: Common bean
Scientific name: Phaseolus vulgaris L.
Family: Fabaceae
Bean chu hre lo kan awm em lovang chu maw, sawi thui duah lo zawk teh ang. Thlai tui leh hrisel tak a ni e.

Bean thru

14.BEHLAWI
Common name: Cowpea
Scientific name: Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.
Family: Fabaceae
Behlawi hi ram lum, ruahtui tlak tam vak lohna (semiarid tropics) hmunah te pawh thlai dangte ang lo taka a that duh avangin heng ramah te hian an ching ber thin a ni. Be lam chi thlai (legume crops) te hian boruaka Nirogen awm hi a zung leh kung-ah Bacteria nena tangkawpin a chhekkhawl (fixed) a, Nitrogen mamawhna a phuhru thei a, a hnua thlai dang chin pawhin a that phah thin a ni. Daihlim/hlim (shade) a do thei hle a, chuvang chuan thlai dang heng-Vaimim, Faisa, Fu, La, adt. nen pawh a chinpawlh (intercrop) theih a ni.
Behlawi hi a rah leh hnah hi chawhmeh atan a hman theih ve ve a . A hnah hi thlai chawhmeh zinga chakna (calorie) pai hnem ber a ni awm e. A rah mu (seeds) hian 25% protein a pai mai bakah taksa chakna petu vitamins leh minerals thahnem tak a pai tel bawk a. Heti tak maia chawtha pai thlai a nih avang hian Behlawi hi 'Miretheite sa' (Poor man's meat) kan ti thei ang (Bekang hi 'Poor man's meat an ti bawk thin). Thenkhat chuan Behlawi hi 'Vegetable meat' an ti bawk.

15.BEHLIANG
Common name: Pigeonpea, Red gram, Arhar
Scientific name: Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.
Family: Fabaceae
Behliang hi chu bawl hian a tui em em mai a ni. A kung a lian em em lova, kum tin a rah thei a. Behliang hi Mizo te'n chuktuah huanah neih ngei ngei kan duh thin, tui kan ti tlang hle niin a hriat. Thlai tui tak leh ngainatawm tak a ni reng a ni. Mahse a nget in a kungah kua an hreuh duh hle a, March leh April thla velah, a nget in kua an hreuh hma ngeiin a nget danna damdawia a kung lo kah lawk a tha hle a ni.

Phiang/Behliang
Source:legumeinfo.org

16.BEKANG
Common name: Soybean, Soyabean
Scientific name: Glycine max (L.) Merr.
Family: Fabaceae
Khawvela thlai hrisel ber pawl a ngaih a ni a, Sapho phei chuan 'Wonder Crop' ti hialin an ko a ni. Tunlaia chaw hrisel to tak taka an zawrh tam tak hi Bekang her dip atanga siam a ni tlangpui a. Bekang hian flavanoids chikhat cancer natna laka min vengthei tha tak a pai tih an hmu chhuak tawh a, chu mai bakah hriak thahnem tawk tak leh Protein tha mi, tha hnem tak a pai bawk a. Hmanni lawka RIPANS (Regional Institute of Paramedical and Nursing Sciences, Aizawl, Mizoram) a an zir chiannaah chuan Bekang um hian a nutrient pai a hloh vak lem lo niin an sawi bawk a, Mizote tan a lawmawm hle mai. Hetiang taka thlai hrisel a nih avang leh Mizoram boruaka tha duh tak a nih avang hian kan ngaih pawimawh a tul hle a ni.

Bekang
Source:agricultured.org

17.BEPUI
Common name: Lablab, Indian bean
Scientific name: Lablab purpureus (L.) Sweet
Family: Fabaceae

Bepui hian protein leh fiber a pai tha hnem hle a, thlai hrisel tak a ni. Be dang ang lo takin Bepui hi kan ching uar lem lova, mahni eikhawp tawk lek hian in bul velah te chin thin a ni a, thlasik laia a rah thin avangin chawhmeh hnar tha tak a ni. Bepui hi a par var leh senno/senduk (pink/purple) a awm a, a rah pawh purple rawng a awm bawk.

Bepui
Source:cnseed.org

18.BEPUITHLANEI
Common name: Winged bean
Scientific name: Psophocarpus tetragonolobus (L.) DC.
Family: Fabaceae
Mizote thlai chin thin ni mah se, a ching kan tam tawh loh avangin thenkhat chuan kan hmu ngai meuh lovin a rinawm. A hming ang hian a thla (wing) ni awm tak a awm a, a hming an lo phuah awm-ang hle. A rah hi Bai ah a tui hle a, a helin hmarcha-rawt atan a hman theih bawk a ni.

Be-pui-thla-nei
Source:herbivoracious.com

19.BETE
Common name: Rice bean
Scientific name: Vigna umbellata (Thunb.)
Family: Fabaceae
Bete changchawr hi chawhmeh-ah a tui hle a, Bete changchawr kan ti deuh kher zel. A hrui hi a bawk luah thin a, hei hi rannungin a ei nget vang a ni a, a chhungah chuan a lung/pangang hi a awm a, chu chu Bete-lung an ti a, an ei thin (tui tak ang maw!!!). Bete hi Behliang ang deuh thoa a mu ei chi a ni ber (a rahno pawh a ei theih tho).

Bete
Source:wikimedia.org

20.ZAWNGTAH

Common name: Tree bean, Bitter bean

Scientific name: Parkia timoriana (Merr.) DC.[Syn. Parkia javanica, Parkia roxburghii];
Parkia speciosa Hassk.; Parkia javanica (Lam.) Merr [Syn. Parkia roxburghii].
Family: Fabaceae
Zawngtrah hi species pakhata dah a nih awm vei nen, a chunga kan tarlan ang khian species pathum (3) ah dah a ni. Kan rama kan hmuh tam berte hi Parkia timoriana hi a ni awm e. Tlangmi (tribal) chawhmeh tui tak pakhat a ni a, India North-east state Manipur ah chuan Meitei leh Naga hovin an hlutin an ngaisang hle. Zawngtrah hi thlasik laiin a rah thin. Zawngtrah hmeh hian ka a tihrimtui loh avangin nula/tlangval thenkhat chuan an ei tha ngam meuh lo. Zawngtrah hi ek khal tiziaawmtu, thisen sang vengtu, taksa chakna petu, ulcer vengtu, adt. tha tak a ni an ti bawk.
Zawngtrah nena an sawizawm thin pakhat chu hmanlai hian Mizo zinga Hmar ho hian Zawngtrah hi an hmeh thin a, Thado pa pakhat hian Hmar ho Zawngtrah ziatlai hi a hmu a. Ani (Thado pa) pawh chuan Zawngtrah chu a kawk zawt zawt a (an ziat kha an kawk zawt zawt emaw a ti a), an chhungkua chuan an ei ve a, phak leh kha (bitter) hi a ti lutuk a, 'Zawng (monkey) zawng a trap ngei ang, keipawh ka trap e' a ti e an tih chu.

Source.www.botany.hawaii.edu

Source:www.e-pao.net

21.FANGRA
Common name: Sword bean, Jack bean
Scientific name: Canavalia gladiata (Jacq.) DC., Canavalia ensiformis (L.) DC.
Family: Fabaceae

Fangra rahno hi chawhmeh bai i lo vel bakah a hel-in rawtthak atan te pawh an hmang thin a ni. Tlangram lovah chuan an ching tel deuh tlangpui. A hnuaia thlalaka kan hmuh ang hian thenkhat chuan pot-ah te pawh an ching ve bawk thin.

Fangra
Source:Wikipedia

22.BUL-UIH
Common name: Radish
Scientific name: Raphanus sativus L.
Family: Brassicaceae

Bul-uih hi a hming ang hian a uih deuh hmuih mai a, thenkhat tan chuan ngainat a har viau mai thei. Thlai hrisel tak pakhat, thar rang bawk si a ni. A bul mai bakah hian a hnah te pawh chawhmeh atan a hman theih vek a. Phai ramah chuan a bul hi 'salad' atan an hmang deuh ber thin. Variety chi hrang hrang chin tur a awm a, kumtluanin chatlak lovin a thar theih a ni. A variety a zirin thla khat atanga thla hnih chhung leka thar thei te pawh a awm a ni.

Bul-uih
Source:organicheirloomplants.com

23.BULBIAL
Common name: Knol khol, Kohlrabi
Scientific name: Brassica oleracea L. var. gongylodes
Family: Brassicaceae

Bulbial hi thenkhat chuan Bulbawk ti te pawhin an sawi ve bawk thin. A bulbial kan tih taka hi a zung ni lovin a kuang bawk (swollen) a ni. Thlasik thlai a nih avangin thlasik laiin chin a ni thin.

Bulbial
Source:www.thehindu.com

24.PARBAWR
Common name: Cauliflower
Scientific name: Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis
Family: Brassicaceae
Thlasik laia chin chi thlai pawimawh tak mai pakhat a ni a. Thlasik thlaiah chuan a tui ber pawl pawh a ni awm e. Khawlumah chuan a tha thei lova, khawvawt, vur leh dai khal nasat lutuk lohna hmuna chin chi a ni. A hrisel a, kan emaw chhum emaw salad a telh pawhin a tui hle. A chinna hmuna tui tling a haw hle a, Champhai phai zawlah thlasik laiin an ching ve thin.

Parbawr
Source:babybistro.com.au

25.ZIKHLUM
Common name: Cabbage
Scientific name: Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata
Family: Brassicaceae
Thlasik thlai tho a ni a, a hrisel a, a tui hle bawk. Isothiocyanates a pai tel avangin cancer natna lak atangin min veng thei a. Zikhlum sen chi phei chuan Anthocyanin a pai tel a, a hrisel lehzual hle a ni. A thar a hlawk a, a thar chhung a rei lova, khawvawt leh hnawng lamah an tha duh hle a, rannung eichhetu laka ven erawh a pawimawh hle thung. Nipui laia chin theih chi pawh a awm bawk.

Zikhlum
Source:tokyotimes.com

26.PARHLAWM
Common name: Broccoli
Scientific name: Brassica oleracea L. var. italica
Family: Brassicaceae
Cancer natna laka min veng thei chi thlaiah chuan a tha ber pawl a ni a. A hrisel em em a, a thar erawh a hlawk lo deuh hlek a, khawvawt a chin chi thlai a ni a, khawlumah a tha thei lova. Thlai ngaih hlut tak pakhat a ni a, Mizote pawhin kan ngaina sawt hle a ni.

Par-hlawm
Source:harvesttotable.com

27.BERUL
Common name: Snake gourd
Scientific name: Trichosanthes cucumerina L.
Family: Cucurbitaceae

Berul chi thenkhat hi rul (snake) ang takin sei tak maiin a rah a, a trial hrik hrek bawk avangin Berul an lo ti a nih hmel. Kan ramah chuan thlawhmaa thing bulah te leh vau hnaih-ah a chi tuhin, chung hmunah te chuan zamtir mai thin a ni. Berul hian tui a pai thahnem hle a, vitamins leh minerals a pai teuh bawk a, thau (fat) a pai tlem si avangin thlai hrisel tak a ni.

Be-rul
Source:ep.yimg.com

28.CHANGKHA
Common name: Bitter gourd
Scientific name: Momordica charantia L.
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Origin: India
Thlai hrisel tak a ni a, Hypoglycemic active principle a pai tel avangin thisen sang a veng thei a ni tih mithiam te'n an chian thlap tawh a ni. Changkha hi a rah mai bakah a hnah pawh an bai thin. Mizo te'n kan uar hle a, damdawi atana hmang pawh kan tam sawt hle. Changkha ti kha tu tak hi Momordicin tiin a hming an sa bawk.

Changkha
Source:wikimedia.org

29.MAIPAWL
Common name: Ash gourd, Winter melon, White gourd
Scientific name: Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Maipawl chhum han leh Trawkte thlak hi Mizopa ka-ah chuan thil inhmeh tak a va ni em! Vaiho leh hnam dangte chuan chhum han ai chuan candied fruit an ti a, chini tuiah chiahin Maipawl sweet an siam thung thin. Lei a zam chi a ni a, cucurbits family huam chhunga thlai pakhat niin, chhe lovin thla 6 lai dah theih nia hriat a ni. Thlai pawimawh tak leh Mizoram boruak leh leilung ngeih tak mai pakhat a ni.

Mai-pawl
Source:Wikipedia

30.UM-EI
Common name: Bottle gourd, Calabash
Scientific name: Lagenaria siceraria
Family: Cucurbitaceae

Um-ei hi um chi dang ang thova zam chi a ni a, rah pawh a rah hnem thei hle a ni. A um rah mai bakah a hnah leh zikno thlengin chawhmeh atan a hman theih. A rah hi a sawl/tung chi leh a bial chi te a awm a. Hman lai (tunah pawh thingtlang ah) chuan a um rah chang hi a chhungril thruah (trawih tir) hnu-ah dah rovin thil chi hrang hrang dah nan an hmang thin. Tunlai thleng pawha Sa-um bura kan hman thin te hi um atanga siam a nih thin hi. A um bur atana siam dan chu: a rah chang tawh tak chu a hnun bul lam chu kan tanchhum (duh ang tiata zau-in) ang a, hmawlhin a chhung lam chu kan hawlh ang a, a chhip-ah chuan vut kan phul ang a, hun emaw chen a tawih hma chu kan dah ang a, a lo tawih hnu-ah kan bun chhuak ang a, tuiin kan thuahfai ang a, nisaah kan pho ro ang a, tichuan bur hman theih a lo ni tawh ang.

Um-ei
Source:asianetindia.com

31.MAI
Common name: Pumpkin
Scientific name: Cucurbita spp. (C. pepo, C. moschata, C. maxima)
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Chawhmeh zingah chuan Vitamin A pai hnem ber pawl a ngaih a ni. Beta Carotene tam tham tak a pai avangin mit tan a tha hle a, mai ei tam chu mit natna lakah an fihlim bika ngaih a ni thin. Mai hi a rah leh a hnah bakah ram dangah chuan a par pawh hi an ei tel thin a. Mak deuh mai chu mai par hian vaitamin leh chakna a paihnem ber a ni. Mizote hian a rah hmin aiin a zikno leh a rahno hi kan duh ber emaw tih mai turin kan zuar tam a. Thenkhat chuan Baibing nen han bai pawlh ila a tui em em a ni an ti bawk. Mai rah hmin chhum han hi naupang chawchhun atan te pawh an hmang thin. Mizote chawhmeh ngainat ber pakhat a ni mek a ni.

Mai
Source: Google image search

32.DAWNFAWH
Common name: Water melon
Scientific name: Citrullus lanatus var. lanatus (Thunb.)
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Nipui-ah chuan Dawnfawh aia ei manhla thlai dang a awm lo hial awm e. Dawnfawh hi 97% vel hi tui vek nia ngaih a nih avangin chhawl hal a dawn em em a, a hriselin vitamin leh mihring mamawh chawtha tam tak a pai tel a. Mizoram-ah pawh a tha duh hle a ni tih Champhai loneitute chin mit ngeiin ka hmu tawh bawk a ni. Enkawl uluk erawh a ngai ve a, a zam chi a nih avangin a ei chhe thei rannung leh Sazu lakah ven uluk a ngai hle.

Dawnfawh
Source: Google image search

33.ISKUT
Common name: Cho-cho, Chayote
Scientific name: Sechium edule (Jacq.)
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Sihphir khawtlang te eizawnna tha tak pakhat chu Iskut hi a niawm e. A thar hlawk em em a, a rah mai bakah a hnah thlengin mihring tan leh ran tan chaw tha tak leh hrisel tak a ni a. Mizoram boruak a ngeihin a thang duang hle a. Chhungkaw khat chawm turin Iskut kungkhat hi a tawk viau a ni, chuti khawpa thar hlawk chu a ni e. Sawi tawh angin Mizoram boruak a ngeih hle.

Iskut
Source: Google image search

34.FANGHMA
Common name: Cucumber
Scientific name: Cucumis sativus L.
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Lo nei tawh phawt chuan Fanghma hi kan Thlam bul hnaiah kan ching deuh vekin a rinawm. Ni sensa hnuaia hah taka hnathawh hnua Thlam a thut thlan daih paha Fanghma no, dai raih mai leh tui pai hnem tak han ei aia manhla a vang viau a niang, Mizote Thlam bul vel-ah chuan Fanghma zam hmuh tur hi a awm ve zel a ni. Thlai hrisel tak a ni a, vitamin leh mineral tam tak a pai a. Tui a pai hnem-in nupui laiin ei a manhla thin hle. Fanghma hi a hmin tai tak ai chuan a hel deuh in kan ei ber thin niin a hriat.

Fanghma
Source: Google image search

34.MAITAMTAWK
Common name: Gac, Spiny gourd, Teasle gourd
Scientific name: Momordica dioica
Family: Cucurbitaceae
Mizoram ah hian kan ching vak lo nge ni hmuh tur a tam lo khawp mai, hmuhtur awm chhun pawh chin ni lo pal vela zam mai mai hi a ni deuh ber mai. Kan (fry) emaw chhum han tawpin emaw siam ila a tui angreng phian. Tunhnaiah mithiamten India ram state hrang hranga Maitamtawk an zirchiannaah Mizorama Maitamawk chu a danglam bik hle tih an hmuchhuak.

Maitamtawk
Source:wikimedia.org

35.CHHAWHCHHI
Common name: Sesame
Scientific name: Sesamum indicum L.
Family: Pedaliaceae
Origin: India
Chhawhchhi tello hian India ram hi a awm thei lovang tih hial theih tur khawpin Chhawhchhi hi India economy-ah a pawimawh thin a. Chhawhchhi hriak hi an sawr nasa in hralh nasat a hlawh em em a, India mipui hriak a min chawmtu ber pakhat chu he thlai hi a ni. A hmui tuiin a hriak a rimtui em em a, a hrisel viau laiin Cholesterol erawh a pai hnem deuh a, thisen sang leh zunthlum nei tan chuan a hriak ei hnem vak loh a him thung ang. Mizoram-ah pawh tih tham fe kan nei ve a. A man a to avangin Krismas dawnah an hralh thin a, Krismas leh kumthar sum leh pai mamawhna a phuhru viau a ni (a dum chi aiin a var chi hi a man a to deuh bik thin). A hriak erawh kan sawr ve lo niin a lang a, Ai-um siam nan erawh kan hmang thin. Sawhthing nena den pawlhin chawhmeh atan an hmang thin bawk.

Chhawhchhi
Source: Wikipedia

36.HMARCHA
Common name: Chilli, Chili
Scientific name: Capsicum annuum L.
Family: Solanaceae
Mizoram a hmarcha kan neih tam ber chu Capsicum frutescens a ni a, Bird eye chilli ti pawhin an sawi thin. Hmarcha ti thaktu ber hi Capsicin ti a sawi thin a ni a, chaw ei tituitu tak pakhat a nih bakah flavor petu tha tak a ni tel a. Hmarcha sen tai tak mai tisentu hi Capxanthin tiin an sawi thin. Mizoram-ah kan ching nasa viau niin a hriat a, thingtlang tam takah chuan phai lama miin a hmunah an khar chhawn sak thin a ni. Manipur, Nagaland leh Assam rama an chin deuh bik Hmarcha chi khat thak zet mai, Naga king chilli an tih mai, Mizo chuan Saphmarcha kan tih mai hi a awm bawk a. He Saphmarcha (Hmarchatrawk tih ni zawk awm tak) thak zet mai hian khawvela Hmarcha thak ber nihna pawh a lo hauh tawh a ni. Scientist-ten an zirchiannaah chuan Hmarchatrawk hian Capsicum chinense a hnaih ber a, a dawtah Capsicum frutescens, chuvang chuan Hmarchatrawk hi he Hmarcha species pahnihte thlahpawlh atanga lo awm ni ngeiin an ring a ni.

Hmarcha
Source: Google image search

37.KAWLBAHRA
Common name: Sweet potato
Scientific name: Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam.
Family: Convolvulaceae
Chakna a paihnem a, Sugar a pai hnem hle bawk. A zung atanga a hnah thlengin hman tangkai theih vek a ni a. Mizote pawhin pi leh pu hunlai atanga kan ngainat em em thlai a ni. Vawk chaw atan a englai pawh hi a hman tlak a, a thang duang em em a, Mizoram boruak a ngeihin zung thuk tak leh lian tha tak tak, thlum tui tak tak tam tak an thar thei thin a ni. Lei tha an heh in leitha hmunah an tha duh hle a, mahse lei chhe lai deuh a chin atan kan duh hle; lei chhe ngam thlai a nih vang a nih a rinawm. Kawlbahra hi mihringte thlai chin zingah chuan 'Natural Transgenic Food Crop' hmuhchhuah hmasa ber a ni mai awm e; a chhan chu tunhnaiah mithiamte'n Kawlbahra kan chin chi chi hrang hrang an zirchiannaah chuan Kawlbahra ze kengtu (genetic material) zingah 'bacteria' chi khat Agrobacterium an tih mai, genetic engineering hmanga thlai ze tihdanglam (transgenic crop) nana an hman chi ze kengtu chu a awm vek a, chin chi ni lo zingah chuan a awm vek lo thung a ni. Thlai ze tihdanglam thlai [Genetically modified crop (GM crop)] ei hlau chung si hian kan hriatloh hlan hian kan lo ei reng chu a nih hi!!

Kawl-ba-hra

Source: Google image search

38.PANGBAL
Common name: Cassava
Scientific name: Manihot esculenta Crantz.
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Origin: Brazil
Chakna pai hnem em em mai thlai a ni a. Lei hnuaia awm a nih avangin uluk taka chawh chhuah thin tur a ni. Chawh chhuahna lamah tih hmel hem palh a awl in natna hrikin a bei zui thei thin a, fimkhur a ngai hle a ni. Ram rethei zawkah chuan buh aiin chaw pui ber (staple food) ah pawh an hmang hial thin. A thar a hlawk bakah enkawl uluk vak loh pawh tha takin a thangin bul a chhuah thei thin a ni. Pangbal hi kan ei fimkhur hle tur a ni, a chhan chu a bal leh hnah-ah te hian tur chi khat cyanogenic glucosides (linamarin leh lotaustralin) a awm a; chhum/rawh hmin that loh chuan eisual palh a awl em em a ni. Chuvang chuan a bal tuamtu hawng/kawr/pil hi zel fai that a, hmin taka chhum hi eisual palh laka himna a ni tih kan hriat a tha hle.

Pangbal

Source: Google image search

39.PARDI
Common name: Parsley
Scientific name: Petroselinum crispum (Mill.) Fuss.
Family: Apiaceae
Spices huang chhunga mi a ni a, thlai rimtui tak mai a nih avangin chawhmeha thlakah leh salad a thlak ah te a tha em em a. Chawhmeh tirimtuitu leh ei tichakawmtu a ni. Chumi piah lamah Hydro-distillation emaw, Steam-distillation hmangin a hriak rimtui an la chhuak thin bawk a, to tak taka hralh theih a ni a. Ei tur leh damdawi tih rimtui nan bakah cosmetics leh perfume rimtui tak siam nan te pawh hman thin a ni. A hriak rimtui hi anti-bacterial emaw anti-fungal emaw atan pawh a hman theih a ni.

Pardi
Source: Google image search

40.TOMATO
Common name: Tomato
Scientific name: Solanum lycopersicum L.
Family: Solanaceae
Tomato hi thenkhat chuan BERA emaw Sapbawkbawn tiin an sawi thin.

Horticulture-ah chuan thei anga chhiar ni mahse a ei tu (consumer point of view) atang erawh chuan chawhmeh atana hman a ni thung. Thlai hrisel tak mai a ni a, a sen tai tak mai hi Lycopene vang a ni a, chawhmeh tui tak leh salad-ah pawh tui tak mai a ni a. Chu mai bakah Tomato sauce te pawh hi khawvelah kan uar em em a, kan hmang larin mi tinin kan ngaina hle. FlavrSavr hi tomato transgenic hming a ni a, khawvela trangenic thlai hmasa ber a ni nghe nghe bawk a ni. Thlai pawimawh tak a ni a, tomato chinna hmunah reng reng Calcium deficiency hi a huat ber a niin Soft rot natna a siam chhuak ngei ngei thin bawk. Tomato leh potato hi grafting hmangin thiam taka belhbawmin a hnuai lamah Alu an rah tir a, a chung lamah tomato an rah tir thin bawk (Pomato/Tomtato an ti thin). Thil thar deuh a ni a, thil harsa tak a niin a man pawh a to hle.

BE-RA
Source:wikipedia.org

41.SATINREM
Common name: African Eggplant, Gboma
Scientific name: Solanum macrocarpon L.
Family: Solanaceae
Origin: West Africa
Satinrem hi Mizote thlai chin thin ni mah se, thingtlang lamah lo chuan hmuhtur a vang hle. Eng sa (meat) nen pawh a inrem avangin Satinrem tih a nih a rinawm. A hnah leh rah hi chawhmeh atan a hman theih a, tlemin a kha (bitter) deuh hlek a, thisen sang tan a that a rinawm.

Satinrem
Source:wikimedia.org

42.SAMTRAWK
Common name: Ehiopian Eggplant, Bitter tomato
Scientific name: Solanum aethiopicum L.
Family: Solanaceae
Origin: Asia and Africa
Mizote chawhmeh duh zawng tak mai a ni a, vairam lamah chuan an ei ve vak ngai lova hriat a ni a, vairam mai bakah ram dangah pawh ei sawi tur an vang hle. MZU a kan professor pakhatin Bazaar a a lei thu leh, Bawkbawn chi khat emaw ti a, a dal kanah a thlak thu leh, a dal kan a paih vek phah thu a sawi tawh a, a tichiang viau-in ka hria.

43. KHANGHU
Common name: Climbing wattle
Scientific name: Senegalia pennata (L.) Maslin
Family: Fabaceae

Khanghu hi Mizote thlai-chawhmeh chin pakhat a ni a. Thing zam chi, hling nei a ni a, a hnah hi Zawngtah hnah ang deuh hi a ni.
Chawhmeh atana hman ber chu a zik chawrno hi a ni a. Bai leh rawtthak ilo velah hman ber a ni. Khanghu rim hi a uih ve hlea, thenkhat tan chuan ngainat a har viau thei.

Khanghu
Source: Google image search

44. PHUIHNAM
Common name: East Indian Glory Bower
Scientific name: Clerodendrum colebrookianum Walp.
Family: Verbenaceae or Lamiaceae

Uisa ei-mi chuan Phuihnam hi kan hre vekin a rinawm. Uisa hmeh zinga telh ngei ngei thin pakhat a ni a, a tel loh chuan a bawlhlo kim lo riau leh tui lo riaua hriatna a awm thin. Phuihnam hi thlai leh sa dang nen pawh bai pawlh thin a ni a, a hlang pawhin an chhumhang tawp thin bawk.
A fur a thalin hmeh atan hman theih a ni a, thal lai hian a tui duh bik thin, a chhan chu fur lai aia a khak loh zawk thin avangin.

Phuihnam
Source: Google image search

45. KAWHTEBEL
Common name: Snowflake aralia
Scientific name: Trevesia palmata
Family: Araliaceae
Origin: Southeast Asia

Kawhtebel hi a hnahno, a zikno, a par leh a rah thleng hian chawhmeh atan a hman theih a. A rah chhum hmin han phel hian buhfai ang sar hian a lo var phiaua, Thingbuhfai tia mawi a ni. Thlai enkawl awlsam tak pakhat a ni; enkawl lem loh pawhin a tha duh tho. Chin ni lem lo pawh ramhnuaiah hmuh tur tam tak a awm bawk.

Kawhtebel
Source:wikipedia.org

46. HMAZIL
Common name: Muskmelon (Honeydewmelon cultivar)
Scientific name: Cucumis melo L.
Family: Cucurbitaceae

Hmazil hi lo thlai chin zinga pawimawh tak pakhat a ni a. A hnah leh rah hi Mai leh Maipawl a ang hle a, thenkhat chuan an hre hrang lo fo. Hmazil hi chi hrang tam tak a awm a, hming hran te pawh a nei hlawm thliah bawk a ni. Mizorama kan chin tam ber hi chu Saptawnga Honeydew melon an tih hi a ni awm e. Hmazil hi Thingfanghma anga a hmin hun chauha ei ber thin a ni. A rah la hmin chiah lo pawh a ei theih tho a, mahse, a tui lem lo; thenkhat chuan a rah la hel deuhte hi chawhmeh atan an siam thin.

Hmazil
Source: Google image search

47. LENGMASER
Common name: Lengmaser?
Scientific name: Elsholtzia griffithii Hook.f (Syn. Elsholtzia communis)
Family: Lamiaceae
Origin: Indo-Burma

Lengmaser hi lo thlai chinte zinga chin tel ngei ngei thin pakhat a ni. A rim hi chawhmeh tituitu ber pakhat a ni. A hnah leh par hi Bai mai bakah rawtthak atan te pawh hman thin a ni. Lengmaser hi a par chawp hian rep rovin a dah that theih a, a rim a hloh lova, thala baia thlak atan a tangkai hle.

Lengmaser
Source: Google image search

48. MOTOR CHANA
Common name: Pea, Gardenpea, Fieldpea
Scientific name: Pisum sativum L.
Family: Fabaceae
Origin: Ethiopia, the Mediterranean and Central Asia

Chana hi Mizoramah pawh kan ching nasa sawt hlein a hriat. Thlasik laiin Antam nen 'nul' ah te chin ber thin a ni a, leilet-ah te pawh an ching ve bawk. Kan ramah chuan a rahno leh a mu kheh hian an zuar ber thin a. A zikno (tender shoot) hi hmeh theih a ni a, khawthlang ramah chuan an ngaina hle a, 'pea shoot' tiin an sawi a, a pea shoot ringawt atan te an ching thin.

Motor Chana
Source: Google image search

49. PURUNSEN
Common name: Onion
Scientific name: Allium cepa L.
Family: Amaryllidaceae

Purunsen hi thlasik thlai chin hlawh tak pakhat a ni. A variety a zirin a var leh eng lam deuhte pawh a awm a, fur laia chin theih te pawh a awm bawk. Mizoramah pawh chin thin a ni a, sawrkarin a chin kawnga hma a rawn lak hnu hian a ching kan tam sawtin a rinawm. Purunsen hi a hnah leh zung thlengin a ei tlak a, a bal (bulb) awm hma pawhin hralh tlak a ni bawk. Champhai lamah khian Purunzung-ei chi an ching uar hle a, thenkhat phei chuan 'Paihte chow' tiin an sawi bawk. Purunsen hi kan ngaina tlanga, chuvang chuan chin uar deuh deuh chi niin a lang a, kan ramah pawh a tha duh ve hle nia hriat a ni bawk a ni.

Purunsen
Source: Google image search

50. PURUNVAR
Common name: Garlic
Scientific name: Allium sativum L.
Family: Amaryllidaceae

Purunvar hi kan ngaina tho nachungin kan ching tam lo va, phai lam atanga kan lakluh ber niin a lang. Sa kan/bawl chi-ah chuan telh ngei ngei zinga pakhat a ni a, chawhmeh a tihrimtui mai bakah a titui-hang bawk. Thlasik thlai a nih angin thlasikah chin ber thin a ni.

Purunvar
Source: Google image search

51. BAHRA
Common name: Yam, Purple yam, Greater yam, White yam, Yellow yam
Scientific name: Dioscorea spp. ( D. alata & D. cayennensis)
Family: Dioscoreaceae

Bahra hi chi hrang hrang (species / varieties) awm mah se, a khaikhawmna chu Bahra (Yam) tih tho hi a ni. Kan rama kan chin te hi D. alata (purple yam) leh D. cayennensis (white/yellow yam) niin a lang. A hming ang hian D. alata hra hi purple rawng a ni a, D. cayennensis erawh chu a var leh a eng deuh te pawh a awm a ni. Bahra hi thlai thang duh tak a ni a, a hrui hi thing bul leh lei-ahte zamtir mai thin a ni. Mizote chuan Bahra hi chawhmeh atan kan hmang ber thin. Thlai hrisel leh tui tak a ni bawk a ni.

Bahra
Source: Google image search

52. BACHHIM
Common name: Air yam, Air potato, Bitter yam, Potato yam
Scientific name: Dioscorea bulbifera L.
Family: Dioscoreaceae

Bachhim hi Bahra chi khat a ni a, Bahra dang ang lo takin a zunga hra a awm bakah a hrui-ah Alu tia deuhthaw te paw'n a rah bawk thin. A hruia rah hi chhum hmin tawpin chawchhun atan te pawh an hmang thin.