Vaimim Chin Dan

Common name: Maize, Corn

Mizo hming: Vaimim

Scientific name: Zea mays L.

Family: Poaceae

             

Vaimim hi Buh tih lo-ah chuan Mizote thlai chin tam ber a ni awm e. Vaimim hi chi hrang hrang a awm a, chungte chu: Char-ei, Mimban, Puakzo (Zea mays var. everta), Khalkha (Project Vaimim) leh Mimbanlo te a ni. Khalkha hi India state dangah te an ching ber a, hei hi ranchaw atana hman ber a ni. 

Vaimim chin dan chu kan hre theuhvin a rinawm a, amaherawhchu, thar hlawk zawk tura hriattur thenkhatte erawh kan hre vek kher lo mai thei. Heta Vaimim chin dan ziak hi kan ram tlangramah chuan a hman tak tak theih lo anga (hman theih lo mahse a chin dan nawlpui a hriat theih awm e), leilet-ah erawh a hman theih thung ang.

Sik leh sa duhzawng

        India ramah chuan fur-ah chin ber niin fur ruahtui tlak hma deuh hian tuh thin a ni. Vaimim hi ram lum deuh-ah pawh a chin theih a, a thanduan nana duhthusam erawh chu khawlum lam 22⁰C- 30⁰C inkar hi a ni (Kan Zoram leh Northeast sik leh sa ang hi a nih dawn chu). Vur tla (frost) hi Vaimim hian a haw hle a, chuvang chuan Vur tlakna hmuna ching tur chuan thla 5 tal Vur tlak loh thla kum khat chhungin a awm a ngai a ni. Kum khat chhunga ruahtui 100 cm aia tam a tlakna ramah chuan Vaimim hi hlawhtling takin a chin theih a ni. Vaimim hian tuitling reng hi a haw em em a, a chinna hmunah tui a tlin reng chuan a thi mai thin.

Leilung duhzawng

         Vaimim hi tiauvut leh changtuallei inchawhpawlh atanga sawntlunglei-ah te hlawhtling takin a chin theih a. Amaherawhchu, lei dur tha (rich in organic matter content), tui tlin theih lohna leh tui pai hnem thei bawk si hmun hi duhthusam a ni, a tha duh ber bawk. Tin, lei thur leh al lam tehnaah pH 5.5-7.0 inkar hi a that duhna ber a ni bawk.

Leilung sawngbawl dan

        Vaimim chinna tur hmun chu leilehna-in vawi 6-7 lehphuh tur a ni a; 13-14 tonnes/ha Bawng-ek leitha emaw Azospirillum 10 packets emaw lehpawlh bawk tur a ni. A chi tuhna tur lei chu tihpawn deuh bik tur tur a ni (a hnuaia thlalaka mi ang hian); hei hian tui pek a tih awlsam bakah tui tling reng tur a veng bawk.

Courtesy: fao.org

Chin hun

        Vaimim hi Nipui (Spring), Fur (Kharif) leh Thlasik (Rabi)-ah te hian a chin theih vek a. Nipui leh Thlasik laia ching tur erawh chuan tui pek tur kan neih that a ngai thung. Mizoramah te pawh Vaimim hi thlasik laiin luipui kam Nul-ah te chin thin a ni a, a tha duh ve hle bawk. Fur hunah erawh fur ruahtui tlak hma ni 12-15-ah a chi lo tuh hman hi duhthusam a ni. Mizoramah chuan Vaimim hi Lo hal zawh March atanga June thla thleng hian a chi tuh thin a ni. Fur ruahtui a tlak hmaa, khua te a khen loh bawk chuan tuh hma chuan a thar hma mai thin.  Vaimim chi tuh hun tha chu a  hnuaia tarlan ang hi a ni.
          

Chin hun	A chi tuh hun duhthusam
Nipui	February chawlhkar hmasa ber chhung
Fur	June chawlhkar tawp ber atanga July thla chawhma (ni 15 thleng)
Thlasik	October chawlhkar tawp ber atanga November thla chawhma

A chi ngai zat leh a bi inhlat zawng

       Thar hlawk tur leh a chin nana senso renchem tur chuan a chi ngai zat (seed rate) chauh tuh hi a pawimawh hle. A chi ngai zat hi chin chhan, chi len zawng, thlai len zawng, chin hun, chi tuh dan, adt. a zirin a danglam, a hnuaia tarlan ang hian.

Sl. No.	Chin chhan (purpose)	Seed rate (kg/ha)	Spacing (cm)	A kung awm thei zat
1	A Fang/Mu (grain) atan	20	60 X 20 75 X 20	83333 66666
2	Sweet Corn	8	75 X 25 75 X 30	53333 44444
3	Baby Corn	25	60 X 20 60 X 15	83333 111111
4	Pop Corn (Puakzo)	12	60 X 20	83333
5	A Kawm ei atan	20	75 X 20 60 X 20	66666 83333
6	Ranchaw atan	50	30 X 10	333333

A chi sawngbawl dan

          Natna hrikin a eichhiat mai loha, hrisel taka a chi a lo to theih nan a chi chu tuh hma-in Carbendazim or Thiram or Captan nen chawhpawlh thin tur a ni (A chi kg 1 zelah a damdawi 2 g zel pawlh tur a ni). Azospirillum a awm remchan chuan a chunga damdawi hmanga sawngbawl a nih atanga ni khat hnu-ah Azospirillum 600 g nen chawhpawlh lehin hmun daihlimah dah hul leh tur a ni (15-20 minute vel). Azospirillum hian boruaka nitrogen awm chu a zungah a chhekkhawl thei a, hei hian thlai chaw siam nana nitrogen mamawhna a tihtlem phah a, a ti thangduang bawk a ni.

Leitha pek

        Mihringte pawhin thanlenna atana chaw kan mamawh ang tho hian thlaite pawh hian chaw an mamawh ve tho a, a chinna lei a thatloh chuan a than a thu-in a rah pawh a thalo thin. Chuvang chuan hlawk zawka kan lo thar theih nan thlai chaw pek hi tih ngei ngei tur a ni. Chaw tha (nutrients) mamawh dan chu lei that dan azirin a danglam thei a, soil test hmasak thin hi a finthlak hle. Dan naranin Vaimim hian leitha (fertilizers) 470 kg SSP, 380 kg Urea leh 230 kg MOP hi 1ha (Buh tin 2 leh a chanve hmun) atan a mamawh tlangpui. 200 kg Urea, 180 kg MOP leh 470 kg SSP (a vaiin) chu a chinna tur leilung sawngbawl laiin lei nen lehpawlh tur a ni. A chi tuh atanga ni 20 hnu-ah 50-60 kg Urea pek leh tur a ni a, ni 40 hnu-ah 120 kg Urea leh 50 kg MOP chu pek leh tur a ni. A chinna tur leilung sawngbawl lai hian 20 kg ZnSO4 lehpawlh a tha hle bawk.

Tui pek

        Tui pek hi kan chin hun a zirin pek a ngaiin a ngailo thei bawk. Vaimim 80% vel hi Fur laia chin a ni a, tui pek hran a ngai lo; amaherawhchu, Thlasik leh Nipui laia chinah chuan tui pek a ngai thung. A chi tuh zawh hnu-ah tui pek thin tur a ni a, a bak chu a tul dan a zirin kar khatah vawi khat emaw pek tur. Tin, a par hun lai hi tui a mamawh zual lai a ni a, tui pek hmaih loh tur a ni.

Hlo thlawh

        A chi tuh atanga ni 20-25 leh ni 40-45 hnu-ah hlo hi thlawh thin tur a ni a, hetih rual hian a leilung sawngbawl laia leitha pek bang Urea leh MOP kha pek bawk tur a ni. Tin, hlo harna hmunah chuan hlotur (herbicide) Atrazine 500 g tui 1000 liter nen chawhpawlhin a kah theih bawk.

Eichhetu rannung leh natna

           Downy mildew leh Leaf spot hi Vaimim natna langsar zual chu a ni. Natna vei thlai a awm chuan sah faia paih mai tur a ni. Downey mildew natna laka ven nan hian Metalaxyl 72 WP @ 1 kg/ha or Mancozeb @ 1 kg/ha hmangin a chi tuh atanga ni 20-na ah kah thin tur a ni. Leaf spot a nasat viau chuan Captan or Mancozeb @ 1 kg/ha in kap thin ang che.

Vaimim hi a kung a naupan laiin shootfly in a eichhe thin a, stem borer in a kung chu a chi tuh atanga ni 20-30 inkar velah a eichhe ve thin bawk. Heng eichhetu rannung laka ven nan hian Carbofuran @ 20 kg/ha (2 granules/plant) phul tur a ni.

Downy mildew of Maize. Courtesy: www.agri.idaho.gov

Vaimim leh thlai dang chin pawlh

            Vaimim hi thlai dang nen pawh a chin pawlh theih a, hei hian natna leh rannung laka a ven mai bakah leitha luangral tur a veng a, lei a titha a, sum hmuh belhna a pe bawk a ni. Be (legume) lam chi thlaite hian boruaka nitrogen awm a zungah an khawl theih avangin lei a titha a, chuvang chuan Be lam chi nena chin pawlh thin hi a tha hle. A hnuaia tarlan ang hian Vaimim leh thlai dang a chin pawlh theih a, India rama Vaimim chinna hmun apiangah a hman theih vek awm e.

Sl. No.	Chin kawp dan
1	Vaimim leh Behliang
2	Vaimim leh Behlawi
3	Vaimim leh Khalaihring (Green gram)
4	Vaimim leh Khalaidum (Black gram)
5	Vaimim leh Bekang
6	Vaimim leh Buh
7	Vaimim leh Fu
8	Vaimim leh Vegetables
9	Vaimim leh Pangpar

Vaimim+Behliang
Courtesy: icrisat.org

Vaimim+Behlawi
Courtesy: agrihome.com

Thar theih zat

           Kan chin chhan a zirin a tharchhuah theih zat a danglam a, a fang/mu atana chinah chuan 2500 kg/ha lai a thar thei.

Source: Agrifarming.in & Maize farming and Farmer.gov.in