Grape Chin Dan

GRAPE CHIN DAN

C. Lalhriatpuia

Dy. Project Director

ATMA, Champhai District

Hming: Grape

Scientific Name: Vitisvinifera

Family: Vitaceae

Varieties: Grape hi chi hrang hrang 10,000 lai hriat a niin a hming leh nihna nen a zir chian tawh a ni a. Mahse grape chi khat chauh pawh hmun hran hran a hming in ang lo a koh a nih thin avang in harsatna erawh a awm thin. Bangalore Blue hi Hnahlanleh Champhai grape chingtute’n kan chin nasat ber a nih avang in han ziak bik ila –

Bangalore Blue: Bangalore Blue hi Karnataka state ah chuan grape chin nasatber a ni a. He hmunah hi chuan kum khat chhungin tum hnih rah a chhuahhman thin a ni. Vitis vinifera leh Vitis labrusca thlah pawlh ni a sawi a ni. Pandal system (Bower system) leh pal ang a zamtir (Kniffin system) hi a tih dan tlang lawn ber a ni bawk a ni. Bangalore blue hi wine leh thei tui siam nan a hman a niber thin. Grape-ah pawh a thur pawl tak a ni ve hrim hrim bawk a. A rah bawr a lian lem lova. Fur lain a rah a khik duh bakah tawih pawh a tawih duh deuhbik a ni.

Lei Sawngbawl Dan: Grape hian zung khawng tak leh chak tha tak a nei a, lei chi hrang hrang – lei dur, lei ban, lei thukvak lo leh lei thavak lo hmunah pawh a chin theih mai a. Mahse, Grape in a ngeih ber chu lei dur tha, ban lutuk lo leh tui tlin theih loh na hmun, lei tha tak hmun a niber a. Lei ban lutuk, lei thuk lo, tui tlin theihna hmun leh lei al lutuk hmun ah chuan grape chin loh hram erawh a tha hle mai. Thlai dang nen a khai khin erawh chuan Grape hian thlai dang te aiin lei al a ngam zawk niin mi thiamte’n an sawi bawk.

Boruak Mamawh: Grape thar hlawk tur leh grape tui tha tak neih nan a pawimawh ber pakhat chu kan grape china hmun sik leh sa awm dan  hi a ni. Grape hian boruak lum rei tak a than nan a mamawh thin a. Boruak hnawng lutuk ah chuan Grape ei tu natnahrik leh rannungte an tam duh hle a, chuvang chuan boruak ro lam, lumsi a ngeih bik hle. Ni sa thatak hnuai ah leh UV nizung chakna te hian grape rawngmawitak a insiamtir thin. Chutiang ni eng a hmuhthatna ah chuan grape a thlum tuibik a, a thar hmabikin grape rah rawng pawh a mawi bik hle thin a ni. Khua a lum that loh a, grape in nisa a hmuh tlem chuan Grape rah a thur duh bik a, a rawng a mawi lovin a rah hun pawh dan pangai ai in a tlai thin.

            Sik leh sa hian Grape rah chhung a vitamins leh chakna a pai-ah pawh nghawng a nei tam viau niin mithiamte’n an sawi a. Khawlum a vawh deuh raih chuan grape a hmin har a, a rah pawh a thur duh viau a. Mahse grape rah thur hi wine chi khat Dry Table Wine siam nan duhthusam a ni a, hetiang boruak hnuai ah hian grape rah rim tuitak a neih theih a, grape wine tuitak siam nan a hmant heih grape rah pawh a neih theih a ni.

            Khaw lum tak hnuai ah erawh chuan Dry Table Wine tuitak neih theih a ni lova, mahse Dessert Wine thlum tuitak siam nan grape rah te chu an hmang thin thung a ni.

Grape Chin Pun Dan: Cutting hi Grape chin pun dan a hman nasat leh lar ber an ni a. Cutting tih na tur Grape chu thang duang tak, natna laka fihlim an ni tur ani a. Grape tang chu pencil tiat vela lian, tawng 1 vela sei a tan tur a ni. Kan cutting tihna chunglam chu a awn deuha cut tur a ni a, a hnuai lam erawh chu ngil taka tan phei mai tur ani. Cutting tih laiin chem hriam tak hman tur a ni a. Grape chin pun tur cutting chuan mit 3 atanga 4 a nei tur ani. Grape cutting chu rang taka phun nghal tur a ni a. Ni 2 emaw ni 3 lai kan dah dawn chuan grape cutting te chu uluk takin kan tel tha ang a. Lei lai khuarin lei hnawng deuhah, daihhlim hnuaiah kan phum  tha tur a ni.

Grape Chin Dan Tlangpui: Grape huan kan neih na tur chu uluk taka thlan tur a ni a. Kawngpui hnaih leh grape rah phurh chhuah na awlsam leh zawrh chhuah theih mai na bul hnaia grape huan  neih hi duhthusam a ni.

A Phun Dan: Grape kan phun hmain grape khur 90cm a thuk leh zauin laih tur a ni a. Grape khur atanga kan laih chhuah lei pawnlang chanve chu dah hran tur a ni. Grape khur chu kar 2 atanga kar 3 ni sa hnuaiah pho phawt tur a ni. Grape khurah grape kan phun dawnin lei chung hang kan dah hran leh bawngek leitha a in zata chawhpawlhin grape phun laiin a khur hnawh nan kan hmang tur ani a. Chu mai bakah 60gm Urea leh 125gm SOP leitha te pektel a tha hle a. Rannung grape zung ei chhe chi laka in ven nan Chlorpyriphos pawh chawhpawlh tel a tha hle bawk.

            Cutting chuan kum 1 a lo tlinin grape khurah chuan phunsawn tur ani a. Grape khur lai takah kan sawh phun a nga, a zung leh lei in dek tha taka phun tur a ni. Phun zawh velah tui tlem pek nghal tur ani bawk.

            Grape chu hmun tin 2 leh a chanve a zauah kung 3000 vel neih theiha ngaih a ni. Mahse hmun dang tam takah chuan grape kung 80,000 atanga 1,00,000 inkar thleng te pawh an phun thin a. Heting ang chi hi High Density Planting an ti a, thiamna sang tak nena enkawl a nih thin avangin Mizoram angah chuan kan la hmang thei lo ani.

Grape Train Dan: Grape train dan han tih mai hian a zam tir dan tih a kawk ber a. Mizoram ah chuan a zam tir nan tih dan chi hnih kan hmang tlanglawn ber a, chungte chu – Pandal System leh Pal ang a zam tir Kniffin system te hi a ni ber mai.

Pandal System: Pandal system hi Bower System, Arbour System leh Pergola System tih ten koh a ni bawk a, thil thu hmun vek a ni. He tiang ang chi a grape zam na tur siam hi a hau tak in pawisa pawh system dang aiin a ngai hnem ber a, thli na lutuk leh sava lah ah grape a veng him tha hle thung. Grape thar pawh a hlawk ber ni a hriat a ni. Mahse grape enkawl a hautak duh hle a, damdawi kah leh thlasik lai a grape tang tan chhum pawh a harsa bik hle. Uluk tak a grape hnah tam lutuk te paih fai a nih loh chuan grape rah te’n nisa an hmu thei lova, grape a thur duh in grape a hmin hlei thei thin lo a ni.

Kniffin System: Kniffin system hi pal ang a grape zar tir na siam kha a ni a. Grape kung sir lam ve ve ah a zamna tur pali siam a ni thin. Hetiang chi ah hi chuan grape rah te’n ni eng an hmu tha em em a, damdawi kah leh enkawl a nuam in a awlsam hle bawk a. Grape rah erawh a hlawk loh deuh bakah a rei hnu in a zamna hnuai lam a grape zam te’n rah an chhuah tha thei lo thin a sawi a ni.

Grape Tang Hlawi/ Pruning: Grape tang kan hlawina chhan ber chu grape rah tha zawk leh tui zawk neih nan te leh a kung enkawl a nawm zawk nan te a ni thin. Grape tang hlawi hi grape rah tha tak leh tui tak kan neih theih nan a pawimawh ber pakhat a ni. Water Sprouts leh Sucker kan tih ang zawng zawng te hi paih fai vek thin tur a ni a. Grape tang natna leh rannung in a ei chhiat zawng zawng pawh zuah loh a cut vek thin tur a ni. Grape tang hlawi nan a hun tha ber chu Grape than a thut lai, thlasik lai leh a hnah a tlak kawlh lai hi a ni. Grape chawrno hma in a zar thlak ngei ngei a ngai a, a chaw no tawh hnu ah chuan grape kungin a chhiat phah thei thin a ni. Pruning hi North India lam ah chuan January thla ah an ti ber thin a.

            Pruning kan tih chuan a hnah buk lutuk tur, ni eng leh boruak kal tlang thei lo te paih fai thin tur a ni a. A kung pui thang nasa lutuk pawh tan then thin tur a ni. Pruning hi tih nasat lutuk a, a zar emaw a kung kan tan nasat lutuk chuan a kung in a tuar thin hle a, an thih phah hial thin a ni.

Tui Pek: Thlai dang nen a khaikhin chuan grape hian tui a mamawh tlem bik a. Mahse, hlawk tak a grape thar tur chuan tui pek na tha neih hi tih mamawk a ni. Grape in a mamawh tak tui a hmun loh chuan a than a thu a, a chang inkar a tawi bik a, a hnah leh zamna te an uai nasa a, a hnah a khawr bakah a eng mai thin a ni.

            Mulching tih hian grape in tui a mamawh tlem bik a, lei a vawn lum avang leh hnim to tur a ven avang in a tih ngei theih a tha hle mai. Drip Irrigation hman hian tui mamawh nasa tak in a tih tlem bakah grape rah a tam duh hle a ni.

Leitha Pek Dan: Grape kung puitling hian letha a mamawh nasat avangin fertilizer pek thin tur a ni. Grape kung puitling hian kum khat chhungin lei atangin leitha 40 – 60 kg N, 10 – 15 kg P leh 50 – 70 kg K te a hip ral thin ni a chhut a ni. Chuvang in grape in rah tui tak leh tha tak a chhuah theihna tur chuan a hip ral zat ang vel leitha a chawm let a ngai thin a ni. Leitha atan Bawngek lei tha emaw, fertilizer emaw, a kung a kah chi te a hman theih a ni. Kumkhat chhungin grape hmun tin 2 leh a chanve a hnuai a mi ang zat hi leitha pek thin tur a ni. 40 Kg Urea, 40 Kg DAP leh 80 Kg SOP. 40 Kg Urea hi hmun thum a then sawm in, kum khat chhung in vawi thum pek a hman thin tur a ni.

            Grape kung hian zung thuk tak leh pharh tha tak a neih avang in a kungpui atang a 30 – 40 cm vel a zau ah lei tha hi dah mai thin tur a ni. Urea bik hi grape chawr no hma January ah pek thin tur a ni a. Fertilizer reng reng chu grape kung bul ah a vai vai a pek nghal tlurh tur a nil ova, pan tak hrut rual in, grape kung bul hnaih lutuk lovah a kual a dah thin tur a ni.

Hlo Thlawh: Hnim lak a thlai ven hi thil pawimawh tak a ni a, thlai a la naupan lai phei chuan uluk tak a ven thin tur a ni. Hnim te hian leitha, tui leh boruak te an mamawh ve avangin kan thlai in an ei tur te an lo eizawh khalh thin a, thlai tan a pawi thei hle thin. Hnim chi thahna, hnim la tiak hmain lei ah Fur hma ngei a kah thin hian hnim tam tak a veng thei a. Hmin tur chi hrang hrang – Paraquat, Simazine, Atrazine etc. te hi grape huan ah chuan hman ber thin a ni.

Grape Rah Lawh: Grape rah te hi lawh an nih tawh chuan um hmin theih an ni tawh lova. Chuvangin a kung a tha tak a an hmin hma chuan lawh lo tur a ni. Grape rah mawi tak leh hmin tha tak an nih hnu ah chauh lawh thin tur a ni. A rawh bawr chu a kuang ah tan chhum a lawh tur, a rah mal te te a ltak tam loh nan. Chem hrim tak hmang a, a hnun a tan chhum mai a awl sam hle a. Grape chu ni sat lai a lawh tur a nil ova, ni a duai deuh hun, tlai lem emaw zing lam ah te chauh lawh thin tur a ni. Grape rah tawih leh chhia te chu a tha zing ah dah pawlh loh tur, dah pawlh a nih chuan grape rah tha pawh in a chhiat phah thei a, chuvang in chutiang a rah chhia te chu paih nghal zel mai thin tu a ni.

            Grape huan uluk tak a enkawl a nih chuan kum 3 a nih vel atangin a rah a lawh theih tan thin a. North India lamah chuan kum 2 an tlin chuan a lawh theih tawh mai thin a ni. Grape te hian kum 30 – 40 thleng te uluk tak a enkawl a nih chuan rah tha tak an chhuah thei a. Kum 50 thleng te pawh an dam thei thin a ni. Grape kungin kum 4-5 hnu=ah rah a chhuah hnem ber thin. Khawvel ram dang nen a khaikhin in India ram bik ah hian Grape a thar hlawk ber a, kumkhat chhungin grape huan thin 2 leh a chanve hmunah grape thar Kg. 10000 – 30000 thleng a thar theih a ni.  

Grape Wine: Grape wine hi hlawm lian tak chi hnih a then a ni a, chung te chu-

·         Table Wine: Table wine kan tih te hi grape thur chi atang siam a ni a. A wine pawh a thur deuh bik a, a rim a tuiin a tui pawh a tui hle thin a ni.

·         Dessert Wine: Hei erawh hi chu grape rah thlum chi atang a siam a niin, grape wine pawh a thlum tui em em a. A rim pawh a tui hle thin a ni.

Bangalore Blue (Source: Google Image)