Panhnah (Betel Vine) Chin dan

Requested by: R Vanram Mawia

Common Name : Betel Vine

Mizo Name : Pan-hnah

Scientific Name : Piper betel 

Family : Piperaceae

Origin : Malaysia

Pan-hnah hi Mizo ten kan ei nasa em em a, kuhva rah nen, chinat nen kan ei thin a. Hei mai bakah hian lawng-par, coconut leh zarda te pawlh in tui ti tak in kan ei thin. Pan-hnah tih lai tak 'pan' tih hi Vai ho in an koh dan kan lak chhawn niin ka hria. Panhnah hi 'aromatic' (thlai rimtui chi) chikhat a ni a, pan-hnah hian hriak a pai a, chu hriak chu a rimtui viau a ni awm e. Panhnah hriak hi 'Hydro-distillation, Steam distillation' te hmang in a lak chhuah theih a, chutiang hriak lak chhuah tawh sa chu Litre khatah Rs. 80,000 man te a ni a, a man a to em avang hian hmun tam takah chuan ei atan chauh ni lovin a hriak lak chhuah atan te pawh an ching thin a ni. A hriak hi hman tangkai-na a tam em em a, cosmetics lam leh thil rimtui tak tak siam nan an hmang fo thin a ni.

Composition:

Tui 85.4%, Protein 3.1%, Thau/fat 0.8%, Carbohydrates 6.7% fibre 2.3%, minerals 2.3%, sugar 0.38% - 1.46% leh vitamin chi hrang hrang bak ah Iodine pawh a pai hnem viau a. Mihring in amino acids kan mamawh deuh zawng zawng a pai bawk a ni. Hei vang hian thlai hrisel ta a ni tih kan hre thei mai ang chu.

Hriak rimtui 0.7 - 2.6% thleng a pai bawk thin a ni. Pan-hnah hi a mah ngau ngau chuan thlai hrisel tak a ni a, Kuhva rah (Areca catechu) pawh hi thlai hrisel tak a ni bawk a. Mahse he tia kan chinai te nen a ei pawlh hi chuan chinai (Calcium carbonate) hi pumpui tan a tha lova, a hrisel lo viau an ti. Amaherawh chu Pan-hnah leh kuhva-rah chauh hi ei thei ila, chinai hi ei tel lo ila chuan taksa tan a hrisel tak a ni tih erawh chu a chiang reng mai a ni.

Khaw lum leh vawt mamawh dan:

Panhnah hi khawlum lam a chin chi a ni a, khulum lutuk lo leh khawvawt lutuk lo hi a ngaih tawk boruak a ni. Daihlim hnuai a chin chi niin nisa a tuar thei lo viau tih hriat a tha awm e. Ruah tlak tamna hmun-ah a tha duh bik a, tui a mamawh hnem avangin lei leh boruak ro lutuk ah chuan a tha thei lo a ni. Hmun hniam lam a chin chi thlai a nih avangin Mizoram thlang lam lo-ah chuan a tha mawh viau niin an sawi a, North East India ah chuan Assam khu a ching nasa ber ram an ni a, India ram hrim hrim-ah chuan tuifinriat hnaih deuh, hmun hniam lam Kerela te khu a ching nasa ber ber te an ni.

Pan-hnah hian nisa a tuar theih loh avangin daihlim hmun a chin tur a ni a. Nisa lo dang turin thing dang nen a phun pawlh hi an tih dan thin a ni. Hmun tam takah chuan nisa lo dang turin mau hnah lakkhawm leh di hmang te in a chinna hmun chu chung khuh neiin an siam thin a. A hming atan Bajera System an ti thin a ni, ahnuai a milem a mi ang hian- 

Source: Indian Journal of History of Science

Lei mamawh dan:

Pan-hnah hi lei dur lam deuh, hnim hnah tawih tamna hmun a chin tur a ni a, lei ban lutuk ah chuan chin loh tur. Lei al ah a tha thei lova, tui tlin theih-na hmun ah a tha thei lo tih hriat a, tui tlin theihna reng reng chu siam that a, tui tling thei lo in siam vat thin tur a ni.

A chin dan:

Pan-hnah hi thlai enkawl uluk leh duat mamawh tak mai thlai a ni reuh a. Uluk tak a enkawl a mamawh a ni. Pan-hnah chinna hmun chuan tui a mamawh tawk a hmuh theihna turin tui a khat tawk pek deuh reng a mamawh a. Awm ze nei tak a, ril ngil siam a chin hi a tha ber a, thlaiin a that pui bakah enkawl a awmsam phah em em a ni. Tui a tlin loh nan tui hawk luanna tur siam a ngai a, panhnah kung tlar thum dan zelah tui hawk luanna siam zel mai a fin thlak ang.

Panhnah hi a chi (seeds) atang nilovin cuttings atang a chin thin a ni a. Cuttings tih chu panhnah chin tawhsa, a puitling tawh kha a zar tha lai deuh thlan a tan bun mai tur a ni a. A zar tha lai deuh, pencil tiat vel a lian, hrisel tha tak chu tawng chen vel a seiin kan tan bung hmawk a nga. A lu lam leh a mawng lam chhin chhiah tur a ni a. Chutia kan tan bun tawh sa chu lei-ah fiv bur chawt mai tur. Thuk lutuk emaw pawn lang lutuk emaw a vih bur loh tur a ni a, kut zungtang chen vel a thuk a vih bur tur. A lu lam zawng a vih bur chuan a thi mai thin, chuvang in fimkhur a tha hle. Chu tia kan vih bur tawh chu tui a tawk chauh a pek chuan thla khat hnu vel-ah zung a lo chhuah tawh mai a ni. Hmun changkang deuh ah chuan Chemical chikhat, IBA an hmang thin a, hei mi hman hi chuan zung a chhuah awlsam in zung a chhuah hnem a, thlai tan a tha em em mai a ni. He mi chungchang hi Lonei tuten hriat chian induh chuan a hranin post kan la siam leh mai dawn nia. 

A kung in kar hlat zawng:

Spacing
20 cm
30 cm (1 ft)
45 cm (11/2 ft)

Enkawl zui zel dan:

Kar thum hnu vel ah pan-hnah chu a lo thangtha thawkhat tawh. Thlakhat hnu velah chuan hnah a rawn chhuah tan tawh thin. He mi hnu ah hi chuan thiam tak in a hnah chuang liam leh a zar then khat then fai reng a ngai tawh dawn a ni. Tin, kan sawi tawh-ah khian ziah belh la ngai chu pan-hnah hi a zam a zam chi thlai a nih avangin a zamna uluk tak a siam a ngai thin a. Thil phel emaw, mau phel in a zmna hi an siam ber thin a. Chutiang nih loh chuan thlai dang nen a phun pawlh in, heng coconut leh kuhvarah kung-ah te hian an zam tir thin a ni.

Lowering/ A kung tan tawi:

Pahnah hi thlai thang duang tak a nih avang in kar loh-ah thui tak tak a thang thin a. He tia a than vak vak hi thlai tan a tha lo a, a hnah lawh pawh a ti har em em thin a, chu mai bakah a hnah a lo te in a thar a ti tlem thin a ni. Chuvangin pan-hnah chu hlam thum vel (3 metres) vel a sei a chung lam zawng a chen tawh chuan a zik ah tan bun in a ai a sang a than chhoh tir toh miah loh tur a ni. Hei hi a chhan chu panhnah kung sang tak te hi an dam rei lo bik a, chu mai bakah a hnah lawh a harsa mai mai a ni. A zik tan bun ai a tha chu pahnah in hlam thum a tlin tawh chuan a zik lam chu kawih thlak a, a bial a zial tur a ni a, chu mi chu leiah phum mai tur a ni. He tia tih hi that bik-na chu panhnah a ti hlawk niin mithiam te'n an sawi a ni.

Nipui laiin Lowering hi tih thin tur a ni.

Lei tha pek dan tur:

Pan-hnah hi hnah chhuah tam thei tur chuan chaw tha a mamawh hnem em em a, chutiang chaw tha a hmuh nan chuan Lei tha (fertilizers) kan pek hi tih makmawh a ni tih hriat tur. 

Bawngek leitha (Farm Yard Manure) Kg. 500 vel hi pan-hnah hmun tinkhat leh a chan ve hmun (1 hectare) atan pek tur a ni a, lei nen uluk tak a leh pawlh hnu- ni 25 vel-ah chauh panhnah chin tur a ni.

Bawngek leitha bakah Nitrogen Kg. 150, Phosphorus Kg. 100 leh Potassium Kg. 50 te kum tin pan-hnah hmun ah kan then thin tur a ni a. Nitrogen bik hi vawi hnih pek a a hmang in, ka pek hmasak atang a ni 45 velah a vawi hnihna pek leh thin tur a ni.

A hnah lawh dan tur:

Phun atang a thla riatna vel atangin a thar hma pawl chu a lawh theih tawh a. A thar tlai deuh chu Kum 2 vel atang chauh a lawh theih chi te pawh a ni thin. Kum khat chhung in vawi 4 - 5 te a hnah an lo hman thin a. A hralhna tur a zirin nitin a lawh pawh tih dan tlang lawn a ni tho mai.

Panhnah hi uluk tak a lawh tur a ni a, a kung ti hliam zawng a pawh hik te hi tih loh tawp tur a ni. Kut zungpui tin emaw chem hriam takin a hnah hnun-ah fel fai tak a sih chhum tur a ni a. He tia kut zungpui tin a han sih chhum hian kung zung pui a na duh em em a, lawh tur a tam phei chuan, chuvang in hmun then khatah chuan a lawhna tur bik a siam, kut zung pui a bun chi thil hriam tak an siam a, chu chuan an lo mai thin a ni.

Phun atang a kum 1-na ah hi chuan a thar a tlem deuh a, a kum hnihna atangin a thar a tam tan a, a kung a tar deuh hnu ah a thar a tlem leh thin a ni. Dan naran in Kum khat chhungin pahnah hmun 1 hectare ah panhnah 35,000,000 - 5,000,000 a tam te an lo hman thin a ni.

Source: Google