Sapthei Chin Dan Tlangpui (Chehpa kaiin) - Part 1

Ti hian a sap hming leh a Latin hming te hi han dah tel leh ila, Bible lamah pawh Latin hming te han dah tel hian a chiang bik an lo ti thin a, a chian deuh beisei-na nen han dah tel ve ang aw.

Scientific Name: Passiflora edulis.  

Sapthei Pawl chi: Passiflora edulis f. edulis 

  Sathei Eng chi: Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa

Common Name: Passionfruit      Mizo: Sapthei

Family Name: Passifloraceae

Origin: South America

Sapthei chin hi ka Thesis / Zirbing na pakhat zawk a ni a, Pakhat zawk erawh a tul chuan la sawi leh ta ila. Sapthei hi khawvelah hian thei dang ai chuan chin nasat loh pawl a ni a, hei hian chhan tam tak a nei ve thei a. A chhan pakhatah chuan natna a tuar thei lova, natna in awlsam taka a tih chhiat theih thin vang hi niin lehkhabu tam takah chuan a in ziak a ni. Chung natna zingah chuan PWV (Passionfruit Woodiness Virus) hi a nasa ber a ni a, natna inkai chhawn awlsam tak a nih bakah PWV natna vei thlai chuan rah tha a chhuah thei lova, a kung than a thu a, a rah eitlak a ni ngai meuh lo a ni. 

Passionfruit Woodiness Virus in thlai a tih chhiat dan

Ka hriat ve theih chinah chuan Sapthei hi India ramah chuan eizawnna tham (Commercial Cultivation) a chinna hmun a awm lova, Mizoram-ah hi a ching nasa ber kan ni mai em aw ka ti deuh thin. Amaherawh chu Mizoram a ching thin tam tak pawhin eizawn nan chuan an duh ta meuh lova, thlai dangin an thlak deuh fur tawh mai. Hei hi a chhan chu kan sawi tak ang khan natna in a ei chhiat duh em vang niin a hriat. Sap thei lo ching tawh thin kuthnathawk taima tak pakhat chuan "Sapthei chu a bul lei thut chinah hian rannung chi khatin a ei bung duh lutuk, eizawn nan chuan thil harsa a ni" tiin min hrilh a, hetiang bawk hian midang pawn min hrilh thin a. Uluk taka a eitu rannung lehkhabu leh internet atangte in kan han zawn hnuah a ei chhe tu hi Sap thei hrik chikhat, Mealy Bug (Planococcus pacificus) hi niin ka hre ta a, hei hi a dik ngei a ni e tih erawh chu kan ti chiah lo. A hmun en ve a, a ei chhe lai ngei ka hmuh ve loh avangin kei phei chuan ka hre thuk lo hle a ni. Mithiam zawk te sawiah khek ila. Tin, keimah bikah phei chuan Green House/Shade Net chhung a ti ka nih avangin rannung leh natna-ah harsatna ka tawk lem lo. Mahse he rannung hi hriat chian a ngai hle chuan ka hria a, a chhan chu sapthei ching tute harsatna thlen tu a ni miau a tin ni.

Sapthei Hrik Chikhat, Mealy Bug
Planococcus pacificus

Sapthei ching nasa ram thenkhat hi han tarlang ila - South Africa, Hawaii, California, Florida, Sri Lanka, Fiji te hi a tlangpui chu anni a. Hemi han tarlan hi a thatna chu Mi ram-ah engtin nge an lo chin bik tih hriat nan a tha a, hriatna hrim hrimah hma te pawh kan sawn deuh mahna le. Sapthei Pawl Chi hi South Africa, Kenya leh New Zealand ah te chauh hian an ching a, Ram dang zawng zawng khi chuan a Eng chi khi an ching thung a ni. Hei hi chhan a awm a, chu pawh chu kan la sawi zel dawn a ni. Australia ah bik erawh hi chuan Hybrid ( a pawl chi leh eng chi thlahpawlh) an ching thung a ni, hei hi mihring siam chawp a ni thung.  

Sapthei hrim hrim hi khawlum thlai a ni a, khaw vat ah chuan a tha thei lo a ni. Sapthei pawl chi hi Khawvawt deuh (Mizoram ang chi) leh hmun sang deuh-ah chauh an tha duh a, hmun hniam-ah erawh an tha duh lo zawk a. Tin, sapthei eng chi hi hmun hniam leh lum zawk a chin chi a ni a, hmun sangah erawh an tha lo thung a ni. Mizoram-ah pawh sapthei pawl chi hi kan neih ber chu niin a hriat. Tin, Mizoram-ah pawh sapthei eng chi te chu a tha duh a ni ang, kan nei ve tho a lawm, ka kawmthlang a kan chin pawh a tha lutuk ti hian an sawi leh thin a. A dik ang. Mahse heta kan sawi tak hi chu eizawn nan tak tak a hman ang chi hi a ni a, kawmthlang vel ringawt a tha duh kha hmun zau tak a chin in a lo tha vak lo thin a, hmun dang a an thar zat kan phak lo thin a ni. Chuvang in "chu mi hmun a chin chi" tih a ka han sawi hi Commercial Cultivation bikah tih min lo hriat sak turin ka ngen che u a ni.  

Sapthei Eng chi
Golden Passionfruit
Passiflora edulis f. flavicarpa

Sapthei Pawl Chi
Purple Passionfruit
Passiflora edulis f. edulis

Chin-na hmun leh Boruak Mamawh:

Sapthei hian leitha hmun, thuk tak leh dur deuh hi a duh bik a. Lei al leh thur lutuk-ah a tha thei lova. Chinna Tui tling hi a haw ve viau a, kar khat vel sapthei chinna a tui a tlin chuan sapthei chu a thi mai thin a ni. Thlai dang ngaihtuah chuan rin aiin a haw lo viau a, thlai thenkhat chu ni 1 / 2 vel tuiin a chim chuan an thi mai thin. Chuvangin tui tling a awm chuan sah kang vat a tha ber a ni. Lei al a haw viau mai.

Mithiam te'n an sawi dan chuan sapthei hi khawlum thlai a ni a, khawlum leh ruah thlak tamna-ah hian sap thei hi a tha duh em em niin an sawi a, Mizoram a chin chi tak a ni tih a hriat theih. Khaw vawt a haw em em a, ni 2/1 leh vur in a bawh chuan an thi mai thin a, an thih loh vek pawhin thlai a chhe nasa in a rah a tha thei tawh ngai lo a ni. Tin, eng (light) an mamawh hnem em em a, tha tak a rah thei tur chuan nikhat-ah darkar 10 vel tal eng tha tak an hmuh a ngai a ni. Hei hi a chian loh takin a scientific zawng tak te pawh hian i han dah teh ang.

"Sapthei hi khawlum lutuk leh khawvawt lutuk-ah a tha thei lova, Sub-tropical temperature hi a that duhna hmun a ni. Khua a vawh deuh a 15 - 18 Degree Centigrade a nih chuan thlai a thang tha thei lova, par pawh a chuah thei meuh lo a ni. Khua a lum lutuk a, 30 - 32 Degree Centigrade a nih chuan thlai a thang duang lutuk a, par chhuah tam thei lo khawp in a thang vak thung thin a, a tha lo a ni. A par atangin a rah a lo chhuak a ni tih hre reng ila. Tin, a par chhung a mi, a pa chi (pollen) pawh hi 20 Degree Centigrade ai a hniam ah a thang thei lo va, a par chu rah chhuah lovin a lo til leh mai thin. Sap thei hian khaw lum lam ah 20 - 30 Degree Centigrade inkar hi a duh tawk chiah a, he mi inkar ah hi chuan a than that bak-ah rah pawh a rah hnem duh hle niin mithiam te'n an sawi a, Eng/Light a mamawh hnem avang in Long Day Plant zing a mi pakhat a ni bawk." 

A Chi Lak Dan

Sapthei hi a chi (seeds) atang te, a kuang (cuttings) atang te leh colom (Grafting) atang te in an ching ber thin a. A chi atang a chin hi a awlsam ber a, mahse a thar tlem deuh bakah natna leh rannung a tuar thei lo deuh bik thin a ni. A chi atang a chin dan chu thil harsa a ni lova, kan thiam tlang vekin a rinawm a, ziak duah lo mai ang. 

Sapthei chi (seeds)

A kuang (cuttings) atang a chin hi a hmasa a mi ai chuan a tha deuh bik a, sapthei kungtha tak a mi; a kuang hrisel leh pencil tiat vel a lian, tawngkhat vel a sei leh mit 3 emaw 4 vel nei kha tan hmawk ila, leiah vih bur mai tur a ni. A kuang kan lakna sapthei a that chuan kan sapthei chin pawh chu a tha dawn tihna a ni mai (thoery/thu chuan). Tin, sapthei kuang hi PGR chikhat Auxin kan tih, IBA (Indole Butyric Acid) ah hian chiah zeuh ila, a zung a in siam hma em em a, a zung pawh a tam duh hle a ni. Mahse hetiang Plant Growth Regulators hi Mizoram-ah engmah hman a ni lova, a chhan chiang tak ka hre lo. Mi ram-ah erawh an hmang nasa a, thei pawh an nei tha bik hle a ni. Kan lo nei tute'n an hman thiam loh an hlau deuh niin ka ring a, hman thiam chuan thil tha em em a nih rualin hman thiam loh erawh chuan thlai ti chhe tu awlsam tak a ni bawk a ni. Hman ve a chakawm hle mai, mi ram thlir in.

Sapthei Kuang phun (Cuttings)

A colom kan tih mai Grafting hi duhthusam deuh ber a ni a, a tih dan a hma a mi te aiin a harsa deuh hlek thung a. Han sawi thuak thuak ila, hrechiang leh zual duh kan awm a ni chuan Google-ah te leh hmun dang dangah en theih in a awm a, a thui lutuk loh nan luh chilh thuk lo mai ang. Colom-ah chuan sapthei chi tha chi (natna, rannung, lei thur leh al tuar thei bik sapthei) tiak tir, thlakhat vel a upa kan mamawh a (Hei hi Root Stock an ti). Tin, sapthei tha chi (a rah thar hlawk, a rah tui chi) kum 3 tal a upa kan mamawh bawk a ni (Hei hi Scion an ti thung). Chu ti chuan kan sawi hmasak zawk sapthei tiak tir kha tawng khat (30 - 40 cm) vel a upa a lo nih in a chunglam khap chanve vel kan tan bung a nga, a hnah te pawh ka pawt thla vek tur a ni a. Chuan kan tan chhum na lai tak kha kan zai kak deuh ang.

Sapthei kum 3 vel a upa, a chi tha chi kha a tang pakhat, pencil tiat vel a lian kan tan ve leh ang. Chu mi chu a hma a kan siam tawh sa sapthei tiak tir zawk kan zai kak deuhna ah khan kan zuk vit lut dawn a ni. He mi vit lut tur hian kan zai kak loh zawk kha kan zai zum deuh erawh a ngai dawn a nih chu. Chutia kan zawm zawhah chuan kan zawmna lai tak kha polythene in tui leh boruak lut thei miah lo turin kan tuam phui tlat tur a ni a, kan tuam phui loh chuan a inzawmna lai kan zai pem ah khan natna leh rannungin awlsam takin an ei thei a ni. He tia kan tuam phui hnu thla 1 vel ah emaw an lo in zawm tawh mai dawn a ni. Hei hi a that bikna chu a hnuai/zung lam khan natna hrik te, lei al leh thur te, rulhut te leh rannung te an tuar thei em em a, thlai an tha duh a. Tin, a chunglam a kan sapthei thar hlawk leh tui bik kha a zung lam hian a lo veng thei ta thin a ni.  

(Youtube Video hi ka hriatthiam theih zawk nan kan dah e.)

 

(Disclaimer: Thlalak vel a fir deuh deuh an awm thin avangin ti ve deuh duah ang :D .Picture / thlalak ka hman te khi Google atang a lak vek an ni a, kan sawi tak te a fiah zawk na tur a tan chauh a hman a ni.)