Changpat ek leitha siam dan (Vermicomposting)

Vermicomposting hi Changpat hmang a thil tawih chi hrang hrang leitha a siam dan tihna a ni. Kan huan leh lo a hnawm hnawk paih mai tur atang khan Leitha awlsam hnawm hnawk te eiin an pai tawih hnuah an e chhuak leh a, he Changpat ek hi leitha niin thlai than chak tir theihna a pai tel a. Tin, thil nung te reuh te te mit a hmuh tham loh lei-ti thatu a pai tel bawk a, thlai ti chhe thei tu rannung laka ven theihna a nei bawk a ni. Chuvangin changpat ek hi Rangkachak Dum (Black Gold) tia vuah a ni hial reng a ni. Changpat hmanga leitha siam chhuah hi asakhat  in amur tha a, leithatna chi hrang hrang siam tha in a ti pung thei a ni. Thlai kui tiah nan a tha bik in thlai kung chawm nan pawh a tha bik hle a ni. Vermicompost hian hriat a hlawh chakin, tunlai organic farm siam ten a an hman tam ber a ni ta a ni.

Vermicomposting atana hmanraw tul te

Thil tawih mai thei ran ek leh an ei bang ning nawi, huan leh lo hnawm hnawk, ramhnuai hnimhnah te hi changpat leitha siam nan a hman lar ber te an niin changpat chaw duh zawng tak an ni. A tlangpuiin ran ek, a bik takin vawk ek tih ro leh thlai kung sah sawm te hi hman dun theih an ni. Thlai kawrn ei chi leh kawrn ei loh chi kung seng zawh hnu a pawlh hian vermicompost thatna a ti pung bik a ni.

Changpat hi chi hrang tam tak an awm a. Chungte chu Eisenia foetida  (Changpat sen) Eudrilus Eugeniae (Zana Vak chhuak chi) Peropnyx excavates  leh a dangte an ni. Heng zingah hian changpat sen chi hi an inthlah pung chak a, chuvangin leitha an siam chak bikin an tha bik a ni (Ni 45-50 chhungin leitha an siam hman). Tin, a chunglam apiang ei thin an nih avangin a chung atangin leitha siamin a hnuaiah an siam thla zel a, chuvangin an tha bik bawk a ni.

A pian phung                                       Eisenia foetida

A taksa sei zawng                                   3 - 10 cm

A taksa rih zawng                                    0.4 - 0.6 g

A puitlin hun chhung                     50 -55 days (ni 50 – 55)

Leitha siam theih zat   changpat 1000 inthla 2 chhungin 2qtl

A tui tam dan                                  Ni 3 chhunginpakhat

A tui atanga a pian hun rei zawng           Ni 20 - 23

 

Vermicompost siam dante

Vermicomposting siam dan hi kan siam chhuah duh zat leh a hman rua hnawmhnawk (compost) kan hmanah a innghat thui hle a ni.

Vermicompost tlem tham deuh  hi chu mahniin bula mahni hman atan a siam mai theih a ni a,  kum khatah leitha 5 – 10 tones a thar chhuah theih. Tam tham deuh tak,  sumdawnna atana hman chuan hnawmhnawk tawih ral thei tam tham tak tak hmang a changpat leitha siam chhuah a ni a, kumkhatah 50 – 100 tonnes lai thar chhuah theihna ang hi a ni.

Vermicompost sawngbawl dan

A tlangpuiin vermicomposting hi chhuat a chhun vum chi leh khur siam a buatsaih a ni. Chhuata chhun vum a vermicomposting siam hi chu lei chhuat ah emaw cement chhuatah 6x2x2 feet a kan compost hman tur chu chap tur a ni a. Hei hi enkawl leh buatsaih a awl sam hle a ni.

Khur hmanga vermicomposting siam dawn erawh chuan khur 5x5x3 feet cement concrete a siam tur a ni. Khur hi compost hmanrua kan duh anga dah khah tur a ni. Khur hmanga vermicomposting siam hi leitha tam tham tak tak siam dawn chuan a tha zawk a ni.

Vermicompost siam dawna thil tih tulte

Vermicompsot siam tur chuan a hnuaia mi ang hian indawt fel takin tih tur a ni.:

·       Vermicompost kan siamna tur hmun chu hmun vawt,  hnawng tha leh dai hlim an ni tur a ni.

·       Hnim hnah ro kan hman turte chu uluk taka sah nawi tur a ni.

·     A hmasa berin Bawng ek leh hnim hnahte chu 3:1 in chawhpawlh a, ni 15 – 20 chhung chu dah tawih deuh hlek tur a ni.

·        Hnim hnah ro sah sawm chu 15 – 20 cm a chhahin a chhuat phah atan chap hmasak tur a ni.

·        Hemi zawh hian Bawngek leh hnim hnah kan chawhpawlh sa kha 6x2x2 feet a phah tur a ni.

·      Bawngek leh hnim hnah ro kan hman turte ch uBawngek hmun 10 leh hnim hnah ro hmun 3 ang a hman tur a ni.

·     Kan leitha siam tur hnim hnah leh bawngek te chu pakhat atan 1.5 – 2 q vel kan duh tlem leh tam dan a zirin kan mamawh ang.

·       Kan leitha siam tur chapah khan bawngek chap a, a chung berah changpat sen chu sangkhat vel dah tur a ni.

·     Changpat dah zawh veleh hian tui leih tur. Kan leitha siamna hmun/ khur chu a hnawn that reng theih nan nitin tui vawihnih pek tur a ni a, polythene emaw buara in khuh phui tur a ni.

·       Boruak a hmuh that nan leh a hnawn rual nan ni 15 – 20 kar danah chawh leh thin tur a ni.

·       Vermicompost chu a tlang puiin ni 45 – 50 velah a hman theih a  ni.

·      Bawngek thar lam chungah kan leitha thar chhuahte chu hrik fai hmain darkar 24 kan dah phawt tura ni a, hei hi lei tha atanga changpat thliar hran theihna tur a ni.

·       Thil tawih lo leh rannung thliar hran nan Vermicompost kan thar chhuah te chu hman hma in kan hri fai tur a ni.

·       Kan leitha thar chhuahte chu kan hman raw hman hmun li a then a hmun thum an ni tlangpui..

 

A ven him dan

·      Leitha siamna tur chhuat chu changpat te lei chhungril lama an luh lohna turin a muk tha tawk tur a ni.

·       Kan compost hman hnim hnah leh hnawm hnawk tawih thei ah te chuan plastic, thir, thlai kahna hlo leh chemicals lam pang a tel tur a ni lo.

·        Changpatte an than len that theih nan boruak a hmu tha tur a ni.

·        Kan leitha siamna chu a hnawng tha tur a ni a.

·     A thar tam theih nan boruak lum zawng chu 18 - 25̊C vel a ni tur a ni. Bawngek thar lam te hian lumna an pe chhuak vek thin.

 

Vermicompost in leithatna a pai tam dan

Parameters                                         Content

pH (A al dan)                                      6.8

OC (%)                                               11.88

OM (%)                                              20.46

C/N                                                     11.64

            Total Nitrogen (%)                             1.02

            Available N (%)                                  0.15

            Available P (%)                                  0.30

Available K (%)                                  0.24

Ca (meq/100g)                                    8.8

Mg (meq/100g)                                   5.59

A thatna te

Vermicompost hian a hnuaia mi ang hian thatna tam tak a nei a a ni.:

 

·       Hnawm hnawk tawih thei, thlai kung leh hnim hnah leh ran ek leh ning nawi te tangkai taka hman a ni.

·        Leilung tithaturin tlak tak a ni.

·       Thlai ti chhe thei tu rannungte nau te a ti tlem thei.

·        Lei a awm thir lam chi in lei a tih chhiatna a ti hniam.

·      A siam chhuahna a hau tak lo vin kan leilung leh boruak tana him. Chemical tel lova buh thlai thar chhuah nan a  tha leh duhthusam a ni.

·        Loneitu ten awlsam takin sum tlemte chauh sengin leitha an siam thei.

Pek zat tur

Vermicompost pek zat tur chu thlai ten a an mamawh danah a innghat a ni.

            Thlai                                       A pekzattur

            Buh leh thlai                            5 -6 t/ha.

            Theikung                                 3 – 5 kg/plant

            Pots                                         100 – 200 g/pot

Hlawkna

Vermicompost hi Bawng vulh tute tan phei chuan hmalakna hlawk tak a ni. Sen so leh a thar chhuah hlawkna te a hnuaia mi ang hian entir a ni:

A hmun          Kum 1 a         Kum 1 a         Sen so leh

lenzawng        sen so              hlawkna         hlawkna

                        ngai zat              (Rs)             inthlauhna

                        (Rs)

 

Hmunzim        52,000             90,000             1:1.73

Laihawl           1.0 lakh           1.85 lakh         1:1.85

Lian                 2.25 lakh         4.5 lakh           1:2.0