Changpat ek leitha siam dan (Vermicomposting)

Vermicomposting hi Changpat hmang a thil tawih chi hrang hrang leitha a siam dan tihna a ni. Kan huan leh lo a hnawm hnawk paih mai tur atang khan Leitha awlsam hnawm hnawk te eiin an pai tawih hnuah an e chhuak leh a, he Changpat ek hi leitha niin thlai than chak tir theihna a pai tel a. Tin, thil nung te reuh te te mit a hmuh tham loh lei-ti thatu a pai tel bawk a, thlai ti chhe thei tu rannung laka ven theihna a nei bawk a ni. Chuvangin changpat ek hi Rangkachak Dum (Black Gold) tia vuah a ni hial reng a ni. Changpat hmanga leitha siam chhuah hi asakhat  in amur tha a, leithatna chi hrang hrang siam tha in a ti pung thei a ni. Thlai kui tiah nan a tha bik in thlai kung chawm nan pawh a tha bik hle a ni. Vermicompost hian hriat a hlawh chakin, tunlai organic farm siam ten a an hman tam ber a ni ta a ni.

Vermicomposting atana hmanraw tul te

Thil tawih mai thei ran ek leh an ei bang ning nawi, huan leh lo hnawm hnawk, ramhnuai hnimhnah te hi changpat leitha siam nan a hman lar ber te an niin changpat chaw duh zawng tak an ni. A tlangpuiin ran ek, a bik takin vawk ek tih ro leh thlai kung sah sawm te hi hman dun theih an ni. Thlai kawrn ei chi leh kawrn ei loh chi kung seng zawh hnu a pawlh hian vermicompost thatna a ti pung bik a ni.

Changpat hi chi hrang tam tak an awm a. Chungte chu Eisenia foetida  (Changpat sen) Eudrilus Eugeniae (Zana Vak chhuak chi) Peropnyx excavates  leh a dangte an ni. Heng zingah hian changpat sen chi hi an inthlah pung chak a, chuvangin leitha an siam chak bikin an tha bik a ni (Ni 45-50 chhungin leitha an siam hman). Tin, a chunglam apiang ei thin an nih avangin a chung atangin leitha siamin a hnuaiah an siam thla zel a, chuvangin an tha bik bawk a ni.

A pian phung                                       Eisenia foetida

A taksa sei zawng                                   3 - 10 cm

A taksa rih zawng                                    0.4 - 0.6 g

A puitlin hun chhung                     50 -55 days (ni 50 – 55)

Leitha siam theih zat   changpat 1000 inthla 2 chhungin 2qtl

A tui tam dan                                  Ni 3 chhunginpakhat

A tui atanga a pian hun rei zawng           Ni 20 - 23

 

Vermicompost siam dante

Vermicomposting siam dan hi kan siam chhuah duh zat leh a hman rua hnawmhnawk (compost) kan hmanah a innghat thui hle a ni.

Vermicompost tlem tham deuh  hi chu mahniin bula mahni hman atan a siam mai theih a ni a,  kum khatah leitha 5 – 10 tones a thar chhuah theih. Tam tham deuh tak,  sumdawnna atana hman chuan hnawmhnawk tawih ral thei tam tham tak tak hmang a changpat leitha siam chhuah a ni a, kumkhatah 50 – 100 tonnes lai thar chhuah theihna ang hi a ni.

Vermicompost sawngbawl dan

A tlangpuiin vermicomposting hi chhuat a chhun vum chi leh khur siam a buatsaih a ni. Chhuata chhun vum a vermicomposting siam hi chu lei chhuat ah emaw cement chhuatah 6x2x2 feet a kan compost hman tur chu chap tur a ni a. Hei hi enkawl leh buatsaih a awl sam hle a ni.

Khur hmanga vermicomposting siam dawn erawh chuan khur 5x5x3 feet cement concrete a siam tur a ni. Khur hi compost hmanrua kan duh anga dah khah tur a ni. Khur hmanga vermicomposting siam hi leitha tam tham tak tak siam dawn chuan a tha zawk a ni.

Vermicompost siam dawna thil tih tulte

Vermicompsot siam tur chuan a hnuaia mi ang hian indawt fel takin tih tur a ni.:

·       Vermicompost kan siamna tur hmun chu hmun vawt,  hnawng tha leh dai hlim an ni tur a ni.

·       Hnim hnah ro kan hman turte chu uluk taka sah nawi tur a ni.

·     A hmasa berin Bawng ek leh hnim hnahte chu 3:1 in chawhpawlh a, ni 15 – 20 chhung chu dah tawih deuh hlek tur a ni.

·        Hnim hnah ro sah sawm chu 15 – 20 cm a chhahin a chhuat phah atan chap hmasak tur a ni.

·        Hemi zawh hian Bawngek leh hnim hnah kan chawhpawlh sa kha 6x2x2 feet a phah tur a ni.

·      Bawngek leh hnim hnah ro kan hman turte ch uBawngek hmun 10 leh hnim hnah ro hmun 3 ang a hman tur a ni.

·     Kan leitha siam tur hnim hnah leh bawngek te chu pakhat atan 1.5 – 2 q vel kan duh tlem leh tam dan a zirin kan mamawh ang.

·       Kan leitha siam tur chapah khan bawngek chap a, a chung berah changpat sen chu sangkhat vel dah tur a ni.

·     Changpat dah zawh veleh hian tui leih tur. Kan leitha siamna hmun/ khur chu a hnawn that reng theih nan nitin tui vawihnih pek tur a ni a, polythene emaw buara in khuh phui tur a ni.

·       Boruak a hmuh that nan leh a hnawn rual nan ni 15 – 20 kar danah chawh leh thin tur a ni.

·       Vermicompost chu a tlang puiin ni 45 – 50 velah a hman theih a  ni.

·      Bawngek thar lam chungah kan leitha thar chhuahte chu hrik fai hmain darkar 24 kan dah phawt tura ni a, hei hi lei tha atanga changpat thliar hran theihna tur a ni.

·       Thil tawih lo leh rannung thliar hran nan Vermicompost kan thar chhuah te chu hman hma in kan hri fai tur a ni.

·       Kan leitha thar chhuahte chu kan hman raw hman hmun li a then a hmun thum an ni tlangpui..

 

A ven him dan

·      Leitha siamna tur chhuat chu changpat te lei chhungril lama an luh lohna turin a muk tha tawk tur a ni.

·       Kan compost hman hnim hnah leh hnawm hnawk tawih thei ah te chuan plastic, thir, thlai kahna hlo leh chemicals lam pang a tel tur a ni lo.

·        Changpatte an than len that theih nan boruak a hmu tha tur a ni.

·        Kan leitha siamna chu a hnawng tha tur a ni a.

·     A thar tam theih nan boruak lum zawng chu 18 - 25̊C vel a ni tur a ni. Bawngek thar lam te hian lumna an pe chhuak vek thin.

 

Vermicompost in leithatna a pai tam dan

Parameters                                         Content

pH (A al dan)                                      6.8

OC (%)                                               11.88

OM (%)                                              20.46

C/N                                                     11.64

            Total Nitrogen (%)                             1.02

            Available N (%)                                  0.15

            Available P (%)                                  0.30

Available K (%)                                  0.24

Ca (meq/100g)                                    8.8

Mg (meq/100g)                                   5.59

A thatna te

Vermicompost hian a hnuaia mi ang hian thatna tam tak a nei a a ni.:

 

·       Hnawm hnawk tawih thei, thlai kung leh hnim hnah leh ran ek leh ning nawi te tangkai taka hman a ni.

·        Leilung tithaturin tlak tak a ni.

·       Thlai ti chhe thei tu rannungte nau te a ti tlem thei.

·        Lei a awm thir lam chi in lei a tih chhiatna a ti hniam.

·      A siam chhuahna a hau tak lo vin kan leilung leh boruak tana him. Chemical tel lova buh thlai thar chhuah nan a  tha leh duhthusam a ni.

·        Loneitu ten awlsam takin sum tlemte chauh sengin leitha an siam thei.

Pek zat tur

Vermicompost pek zat tur chu thlai ten a an mamawh danah a innghat a ni.

            Thlai                                       A pekzattur

            Buh leh thlai                            5 -6 t/ha.

            Theikung                                 3 – 5 kg/plant

            Pots                                         100 – 200 g/pot

Hlawkna

Vermicompost hi Bawng vulh tute tan phei chuan hmalakna hlawk tak a ni. Sen so leh a thar chhuah hlawkna te a hnuaia mi ang hian entir a ni:

A hmun          Kum 1 a         Kum 1 a         Sen so leh

lenzawng        sen so              hlawkna         hlawkna

                        ngai zat              (Rs)             inthlauhna

                        (Rs)

 

Hmunzim        52,000             90,000             1:1.73

Laihawl           1.0 lakh           1.85 lakh         1:1.85

Lian                 2.25 lakh         4.5 lakh           1:2.0

Intermittent Fasting – Weight Loss nan

Intermittent fasting chu enge ni?

Intermittent tih hi Mizo tawng chuan – ‘a chang changin’ tihna  a ni mai awm e. Fasting tih chu ‘chaw nghei’ tihna a ni mai awm e. Chutiang a nih chuan Intermittent Fasting chu ‘a chang a chaw nghei a, a chang a chaw ei’ tihna a nih chu. Intermittent Fasting hi tunlai hian a lar chak viau a, Sap ramah chuan mi pangai atanga milar thlengin an uar chho viau a, Mizoram-ah erawh hria kan la awm mumal awm love. Chuvang chuan eng a nih tih I han zirchiang dawn teh ang. Intermittent Fasting chungchanga Mizo tawng ngei a Article ziah hmasak ber a ni ngei ang.

Intermittent Fasting-ah hian chaw nghei hun mumal tak a darkar bithliah a ni a. Chaw nghei hun darkar leh chawei hun darkar te bithliah thlap a ni. Chung chaw ngei hun leh ei hun darkar bithiah te chu –

1.     12 – 12 : A awmzia chu darkar 12 chhung eng mah ei loh tur a ni a, thingpui sen hang emaw, coffee sen hang emaw tui chauh darkar 12 chhung hian in tur a ni. Calorie pai leh chaw lam pang chi ei miah loh tur tihna a ni a. Darkar 12 dang leh erawh chu thil ei theih hunlai niin ‘Eating Window’ tih a ni a, eng pawh a ei theih thung a ni. Hei hi chaw nghei dan awlsam ber a ni ang.

2.    16 – 8 : A chunga kan sawi ang khian darkar 16 chhung thingpui sen hang emaw, coffee sen hang emaw tui chauh pumchhungah a lut tur a ni a, darkar 8 dang erawh eng pawh ei theih a ni.

    3. 20 – 4 : Hei pawh chaw nghei hun chhung darkar 20 niin darkar 4 chauh thil ei theih hun chhung kan nei tihna a ni. Hei bik hi Warrior Dieting an tih a ni a, a harsa ber a ni.

Kan hriatthiam lehzual theihnan entirna ti hian han pe ta ila. Kei a ziaktu ngei hian tunah 20 – 4 khi ka kalpui mek a. Tlai dar 5 velah chaw ka ei tlang pui a, tlai dar 5 atanga chhiar tana darkar 4 chhung chu eng thil pawh ka ei thei a ni. Dar 5 pm atanga 9 pm thlengin thil ka ei a. Zan 9:00 pm atang a tuk tlai dar 5:00 pm thleng erawh thingpui senhang leh Coffee sen hang chauh ka inta thin a ni. Chutiang chuan nilengin engmah ei lovin ka awmta tihna a nih chu. A harsat ve deuh avangin a bul tan tir tan chuan 12 – 12 hi a tawk chauh awm e.

Engvanga Chaw chu darkar bithliah a nghei nge kan nih?

He zawhna hi a pawimawh lai leh Intermittent Fasting thatna hriatfiahna tur tak chu a ni ta. Intermittent Fasting hi Science Journal-ah te zir chianna neih vek tawh leh Medical Doctor te pawhin an pawm thlap tawh a ni bawk. Amah erawh chu hrisel lohna benvawn emaw taksa chak lohna lai nei tan erawh tih ve hma in Doctor rawn hmasak ngei ngei tur a ni. Hrisel tha pangai tan erawh a ngai chuang lovang. Le! Chutiang a Research-in a finfiah thlap dan chu a darkar bi in i han zirchiang teh ang. Heng a hnuai a kan sawi tur te hi kan chaw nghei lai darkar a thil thleng vek te an ni.

1.    1. Taksa a Sugar (thlumna) a pung chho: Chaw kan ei zawh velah taksa-ah Sugar a pung chho a. Kan chaw ei chu kan pumpuiin a lo paitawih a, Carbohydrates (buhfaiah a tam hle, 70% lai a pai) kan ei te chu kan thisen zamah Glucose (Sugar) angin a lut a, hei hian taksa a Sugar (Thil thlum awm) a ti sang ta a ni. Hei vang hian kan taksa chuan Insulin a siam chhuak ta teuh thin a ni. Insulin hi hormone chikhat niin kan taksaah hnathawh pawimawh tak tak pahnih a nei a.

Pakhatna-ah chuan kan thinsen zama Sugar/thlumna awm chu rang takin kan tihrawl leh taksa tan chakna pe chhuak tu-ah a siam a, hei hi chaw kan eizawh rei lo te a thil thleng a ni.

Pahnihna ah chuan kan thil ei chakna/energy a lo insiam kan hman sen loh ho chu taksaah thau angin a chhekkhawl a ni. Chaw tam deuh, Carbohydrates leh thau tamna kan ei zawng zawng kha hnathawk nasa mi emaw, insawi zawi nasa mi kan nih loh chuan kan taksa in hman zawhna kan nei lova, chuvang chuan Insulin hian kan taksa a Glucose tam uchuak tak kha Glycogen ah letin thau a lo pung ta a ni. Hei hi Glycogenosis tih a ni.

Glycogen hi kan thin/Liver leh tihrawlah te chhek khawl a ni a, nakinah taksa in a mamawh hunah a hman theih turin chhekkhawl a ni thin. Chu ai a tam Glycogen ho chu kan taksa hrang hrangah thau angin – dul kiarah te a lo chang ta thin a ni.

2.     2. Taksa a Sugar/thlumna a tlahniam: Chaw kan nghei darkar 3 atangin a intan a ni. Insulin chuan kan taksa hrang hrangah Glucose (Sugar) te chu a sem kual a, chuvang chuan hemi darkar 3 hnuah hi chuan kan taksa a Sugar/Thlumna awm te chu a lo tlahniam tan ta a ni.

     Kan taksa a Insulin a kal kual chhung chu kan ti hrawl leh timur te chuan chakna an hip lut zel a. He Insulin hi kan thisenah a awm chhung leh kan taksa a Glycogen a awm chhung chuan kan chakna dahkhawl thau (dul kiar etc.) kha kan taksain chakna atan leh chaw berah a hmang thei lo a ni. Kan taksa in thau kan kawl te chu kan thisen a Glucose a awm loh hnuah leh Glycogen kan neih loh hnuah energy/chakna atan a hmang thei chauh a ni.

3.     3. Thisena thlumna a tla hniam ta: Chaw kan nghei atanga darker 9 ah a intan tlangpui. Kan chawei te chu kan pumpuiin a lo pai tawih ta a, kan taksa pawhin Insulin a siam chhuak tawh lo. Taksa in rei lo te chawlh a la a, mahse a chawl rei lo. A chhan chu kan taksa bung hrang hrang leh tihrawl te, kan hriatna thazam te chuan chaw an mamawh reng avang a ni. Hetah tak hian Hormone chi dang Glucagon kan taksa in a rawn siam chhuak ta.

Kan thisen a Sugar/thlum awm a zawh velah kan taksa chuan chaw thar lakluhna a mamawh tawh a. Chutah tak chuan Glucagon chuan kan taksa a Insulin in thau a chhekkhawl (Glycogen) ho kha taksaah chaw a tan a siam chhuak ve ta thung a. Glucagon avang chuan kan thisenah a tawk chauhin Sugar/thlum a lo awm thei ta a, kan taksa mamawh chakna pawh thau chhekkhawl atang khan siam a lo ni ta.

4.    4. Chaw nghei atang a darkar 11-ah a in tan a. Kan taksa chuan englai pawhin chakna a mamawh reng a. Chu chakna Insulin in thau anga a lo chhekkhawl pawh chu rei lo teah a lo zo ta. Tunah chuan kan taksa in chakna a mamawh chu kan thau chhekkhawl (dul kiar etc.) atang chuan a siam chhuak tak tak dawn ta. Atlang puiin mihring puitling pakhat hian kan taksa-ah thau ang a chakna kan chhekkhawl hi 80,000 Calories ang vel a ngaih a ni.

    Kan taksa a thau chhekkhawl te chu taksa tan chaw a lo nih theihna turin taksa thau ei khawl (Fat burning Hormones) a lo siam chhuak chho tan ta. Chung te chu Hormones pawimawh tak tak leh tangkai em em 6 lai an ni. Chung te chu

·         Growth Hormone (Human Groth Hormone, HGH)

·         IGF-1 (Insulin-Like Groth Factor)

·         Glucagon

·         Testosterone

·         Adrenaline

·         T3 (Triiodothyronine) 

5.    5.  Ketosis: Chaw nghei atanga darker 12-ah a intan. Kan talsa a thau chhe eiral tu a siam khan kan taksa chu chakna thar a pe a. Chumai bakah thil lawmawm tak pakhat a rawn thleng tel. Chu chu kan taksain thau a eiral mek lai khan Ketone bodies a rawn siam thar a. Ketones chu fatty acid molecule niin kan taksa a thau in eiralin a siam chhuah a ni. Kan taksa bung pawimawh lai – Lung, Thluak leh hmun hran hranah chakna energy petu a ni.

    Ketones chuan kan Nerve timur te a chawk nung thar a, kan hriatna leh finna a ti chak thar a, kan thluakah brain cell thar a siam bawk a ni. He Ketone vang hian chaw kan ngei lai hian kan rilru kan sawr bing in kan thluak a chak tha bik a ni.

6.   6. Autophagy: Chaw kan nghei atanga darkar 14-na ah a intan. Chaw rei tak kan nghei tak avang leh kan thau chhe chhek khawl te kan taksa in a eiral tak zel avangin thil thleng pawimawh tak pakhat a awm thar. Darkar 12 – 14 vel atangin Autophagy chu kan taksaah a rawn nung thar tan ta.

      Autophagy chu Greek tawng ‘autophagos’ atanga lak niin a awm zia chu ‘To consume oneself’ (Mahni leh mahni in ei) tihna a ni. Hei ngei hi Autophagy lai a thil thleng dik tak pawh a ni. Kan timur/cells te chu an mahni an insiam rem tan a.

     Timur upa tawh leh hlui tawh ho chu paihchhuah an ni a, timur thar leh hrisel zawk te’n an rawn thlak ta a ni. Kan taksa chhungril chu amah leh amah inti faiin thil hlui chu thil thar tha zawkin a thlak thleng zel a, kan timur te hnathawh pawh a lo chak sawt ta. Kan timur te nunna a pawt sei a, chu chuan keimahni ngei nunna pawh a lo pawt sei ta thin a ni.

Ti chinah hian duh tawk phawt ang. Part -2 ah Intermittent Fasting taksa tan a thatna te a hranin post kan siam leh dawn nia.